Friday, December 27, 2019

Nathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown - 1083 Words

The Puritan religion played a big role in the formation of early America, therefore significantly changing a lot of the authors who wrote throughout this time period, including Nathaniel Hawthorne. One of Hawthorne’s most known stories is â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† – a story wherein Hawthorne mixes faith and history to demonstrate humanity’s struggle with sin. â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† could possibly be regarded as a Spiritual story of symbols and inevitably as a disapproval of Puritan Calvinism. This is apparent once someone considers the tale through a mixture of symbolism and an intellect of the Puritan beliefs. Hawthorne incorporates symbols and allegories all through the story â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† to exemplify the Puritan Calvinistic outlook throughout the span of the 17th century, in which sin and wickedness is all around. He portrays faithfulness as a belief and as an a individual, the forests are represented as spirited evil collapsing inward all around, with branches turning to snakes, clouds of despair, torched branches, and also a satanic spiritual union mocking biblical matters. Understanding these symbols is incredibly vital since Hawthorne hopes the reader will ponder on the various notions in holy principles which are explained as complete fact, when in all actuality the principles are the analysis of the person teaching about the religion. â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† is set in 17th century New England, and focuses on the Calvinist idea that everyone lives within a world ofShow MoreRelatedNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1543 Words   |  7 PagesIn Nathaniel Hawthorne s short story of Young Goodman Brown, the author uses symbolism and allegories in order to showcase the Puritan faith as well as man s conflict between good and evil. This analysis will break down the techniques that the author uses to critique the puritan society and to show the difference between how people appear to be in society and the true colors that they are hidden inside of them. There has been a lot of great authors in our time, but none more interesting thanRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1065 Words   |  5 PagesWhen it comes to the topic of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown, most of us will readily agree that duplicity is a major theme in the piece, or the idea of different versions of reality. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of whether Hawthorne is implying that man is inherently evil. Whereas some are convinced that Young Goodman Brown was good until tainted by the Devil, others maintain that he was evil from the beginning and was completely aware of the evil heRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown905 Words   |  4 PagesThough Nathaniel Hawthorne is an author of many great works, his short story â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† still stays relevant because it has themes and subjects that are relatable in today s world. In the story â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† Good man Brown leaves his wife Faith, to go into the woods near Salem to have a meeting with the devil. Appearance vs. reality is shown in â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† through the plot, the character of Goody Cloyse, and the symbol of the maple staff. The characterRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1312 Words   |  6 PagesWithin Nathaniel Hawthorne s short story Young Goodman Brown (p.317), Young Goodman Brown travels through a dark and mysterious forest late at night. Ignoring the pleas of his pure wife Faith, he ventures deep into the woods with many dangers around him, only to emerge in the morning a changed man with bewildered views on his own Puritan life and the Puritan community around him. At the cause for this change in mindset, the dream of an old man symbolizing the devil appears, showing him the communityRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown Essay1274 Words   |  6 PagesIn Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† the devil says, â€Å"Evil is the nature of mankind† (â€Å"Young† 627). Since Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit and attempted to hide conceal their sin from God, humans have tried to hide their sin from others. Although ever yone sin is human nature, everyone has a different reaction to sin. While some acknowledge sin, others ignore it. In Hawthorne’s other short story, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† Father Hooper wears a black veil to represent the sin heRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown Essay1449 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† is a short story that is filled with symbols and mystery. Nathaniel Hawthorne provides plenty forms of symbolism for readers to digest. Hawthorne displays strong faith as the greatest virtue for a man or woman, and when the faith is compromised, one can be filled with skepticism and uncertainty towards the rest of the world. The story begins as a conventional allegory, creating the expectation that the characters will be able to consistently display the abstractions they symbolizeRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1695 Words   |  7 Pagesstory, Young Goodman Brown, by Nathaniel Hawthorne is set in Puritan New England. Hawthorne uses symbolism, description, scenery, and Goodman’s journey to illustrate and symbolize the battle of good versus evil. In the first scene, we see how Young Goodman Brown leaves his wife, Faith, to start on his â€Å"evil† journey through the woods. Though Faith asks him to stay with her, he chooses to continue on even though he knows the evilness lies ahead. As the story continues, we see how Hawthorne uses FaithRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown1492 Words   |  6 PagesIn Nathaniel Hawthorne’s short story of Young Goodman Brown, the author uses symbolism and allegories in order to showcase the Puritan faith as well as man’s conflict between good and evil. This analysis will breakdown the techniques that the author uses to critique the puritan society, and to show the difference between how people appear to be in society and the true colors that they are hidden inside of them. There has been a lot of great authors in our time, but none more interesting than NathanielRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown2532 Words   |  11 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne’s short story, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† demonstrates how Goodman Brown leaves his wife, Faith, to do an errand within the woods with a man that is believed to be the devil. During the time period in which this took place, the 1620’s, many of the people from the village were practicing Puritanism. Puritanism is an intense practice of religion retrieved from Protestants, only removing its Catholic influence. When Goodman Brown entered the woods to meet the devil, he soon turned intoRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s Young Goodman Brown894 Words   |  4 Pagesread. In â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†, I found several romanticism characteristics to be in this story. One being, the emphasis on feelings and emotions. Nathaniel Hawthorne writes, â€Å"The cry of grief, rage, and terror was yet piercing through the night, when the unhappy husband held his breath for a response.† The cry of anguish and pain are very applicable to the protagonist idea in this story. Brown also expresses feeling when he doesn t want to leave his wife Faith, but he feels that it s his role to

Thursday, December 19, 2019

The Kite Runner and King Lear Comparative Essay - 957 Words

The Kite Runner and King Lear Comparative Essay Families play a large role in our world. Sometimes families keep you together but at other times they can tear you apart. The subject of family is a major theme in Khaled Hosseinis extraordinary novel, The Kite Runner and Shakespeare’s well-known tragedy, King Lear. In both of these writings, family is a constant theme that occurs throughout both works of literature. Family relationship is often expressed through the actions of the characters and by what they say. Although Shakespeare’s well-known tragedy, King Lear, has father figures, they do not act very fatherly. Khaled Hosseini’s fiction novel, The Kite Runner has better father figures. This can be proven by examining the different†¦show more content†¦Baba helps the poor and is constantly giving to his community â€Å"Helped me build the house in Taimani†¦found me a job†¦barely knew me†¦like a brother to me† (Hosseini, 184). This tells one that Baba is a caring, helpful person and that Baba does not take advantage of his power. Acceptance is an important theme because it plays a huge role in both of the writings. King Lear is not fond of the fact that Cordelia does not say anything to Lear when he asks her how much she loves him. Lear disowns his favorite daughter because Lear wants Cordelia to love him the way he wants her to â€Å"I disclaim all my paternal care† (Shakespeare, I.i.115). Nevertheless, Cordelia loves her father according to her bond â€Å"I love your Majesty According to my bond, no more nor less† (Shakespeare, I.i.94-95). This shows one that Lear is selfish and wants everything his way and he will not accept anything else. Lear also chooses his favourites between his son-in-laws and daughters â€Å"I thought the king had more affected the duke of Albany than Cornwall† (Shakespeare, I.i.1). Kent and Gloucester discuss which son-in-law King Lear likes best. In The Kite R unner, Rahim Khan, who is Baba’s great friend, accepts the fact that Amir has a passion for writing poetry and stories. Moreover when Amir becomes a published novelist, he thinks of what Rahim Khan said â€Å"You will be a great writer, and people all over the world will read your stories† (Hosseini, 193), Rahim Khan accepts AmirShow MoreRelatedAchieve a Level Four Performance in an Oral Exam Through the Formal Speech/the Oral Essay1002 Words   |  5 PagesLevel Four Performance in an Oral Exam through the Formal Speech/the Oral Essay Part One Write an Effective Oral Essay/Formal Speech on a Comparative-Study Topic â€Å"The central idea, or thesis, is your essay’s life and spirit.† Sheridan Baker, The Practical Stylist Formal speeches are carefully scripted pieces of writing. A formal speech is essentially an oral essay. The conventions of the oral essay/the formal speech include the following: †¢ Purpose To persuade, inspire

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Digital Innovation for Mauritius Telecom

Question: Discuss about theDigital Innovation for Mauritius Telecom. Answer: Introduction: Current Digital Innovation Since the rebranding of all versatile and Internet administrations in April 2008 to Orange, a strong worldwide brand, there has been a quantum jump in giving clients inventive encounters and policies. Portable clients have gained entry into Mauritius telecom's Internet and television administrations and Mauritius Telecom versatile applications. Mauritius Telecom has given a full range of voice and information administrations utilizing settled line, portable and Internet stages. The current officeholder of Telecom, Mauritius Telecom has been somewhat privatized and now profits by the scale and specialized ability of France Telecom/Orange, which has a 40% enthusiasm for the administrator. Mauritius Telecom offers concurrent administrations through the use of My.T, its multiplayer-IPTV administration. Analysis and Justifications of the Solutions On embarking on its innovation projects, Mauritius Telecom encountered some problems that could have stalled the whole effort. To counter the identified problems the following innovative processes and technologies were recommended. On-line training It was obvious that trying to have everybody committed to the introduction of the innovations was a difficult task since each employee had already had his/her daily tasks. With the on-line mode, the employees can be trained on the awareness programs at their pace thus ensuring that everybody understands and appreciates the relevance of the innovations that are brought by the company. On-line learning can be defined as the asynchronous computer-based way of learning that enables the learners to study at anytime and anywhere using information and communication technology. This solution is touted to be very efficient given the context in which the innovations are being introduced at Mauritius Telecom (Nicholas Simon 2016). Groupware Software With few levels of management at Mauritius Telecom, the groupware is going to allow its employees to collaborate and communicate much more easily. This will hence enhance the decision-making capabilities of all the staff that in the end will streamline the innovation efforts of the company. Groupware can be said to be any computer-base application specifically designed to support people who work together. Being able to make sound decisions can be a critical success factor when organizations evolve in a global world (Webb 2011). Social Network In its pursuit of qualified and experienced people for the implementation of its innovations, Mauritius Telecom is projected to have a competitive advantage when having access to social networks such as LinkedIn. Today professionals use social networks such as LinkedIn to exchange their contact details, look for career opportunities and also improve their branding. Gradually those social networks have recently developed into a bank of thousands of curriculum vitae and profiles of very talented people. Furthermore, LinkedIn offers very affordable membership fees that can only be an advantage for Mauritius Telecom (Proaskis Salehi 2007). Corporate Innovations Mauritius Telecom has put resources into advances, for example, cabinet fiber and high-Speed Packet Access and has also stretched out broadband access to a settled line and versatile clients all around in Mauritius. To help basic leadership at whatever time, anyplace, the company's continuous innovation administrations and arrangements, combined with its experience and know-how, the company has now started giving organizations a one-stop answer for IP-based administrations, virtual private systems and rapid web access and application services. The organization presented the One Tariff, One Country approach, by balancing between island taxes amongst Mauritius and Rodrigues with those predominant in terrain Mauritius and the Apple iPhone 3G that was dispatched towards the end of 2008. Mauritius Telecom further experienced a few levy diminishments in 2008: a lessening of up to 41% in worldwide call duties utilizing prepaid cards of SEZAM; a diminishment of 30 pennies for each moment on global call levies using the code 020; a 20% decline in the expense of versatile to settled brought in June 2008; and a decrease of somewhere around 21% and 45%, contingent upon the post-paid rental bundle, on post-paid portable call taxes. Mauritius Telecom has been putting resources into home and business fiber Gigabit Passive Optical Network, SHDSL and ADSL advancements and is additionally now offering Telepresence and Cloud Computing arrangements (Morabito 2014). Digital Innovation after the Solutions Integrating LinkedIn with the existing procedures and processes was the easiest part of the integration effort. Attention was paid to the integration of groupware and the on-line training system with the existing software applications. In case the new applications were hosted on existing servers, Mauritius Telecom integrated the new databases with the current database. Systems integration can be defined as a way of merging the tasks of a set of subsystems, be it hardware, software, or even both so as to yield a distinct, unified structure that gratifies some need of a corporation. However, a smooth integration of LinkedIn with the recruitment procedures was done. It is a known fact that LinkedIn does not require the installation of new applications and hardware on site. Typically separate databases involve additional costs regarding the DBMS licenses apart from compatibility aspects (Lugmayr Niiranen 2004). For Mauritius Telecom, the result of the integration was a noticeable improv ement in the organizations workflow and by extension greater customer satisfaction. The company decided to purchase new servers for all its new applications. Cost-Benefit and Implementation Analysis The successful implementation of any innovation depends on a thoroughly prepared cost-benefit analysis. Indeed this exploration has presumed a critical position in the intelligence systems revolution (Franklin 2013). Cost Benefit analysis Innovations involve some intangible costs, which should not be neglected. In the case of the on-line training solution and the groupware the indirect costs can be the administrative expenses involves in purchasing that software (McQuivey Bernoff 2013). With regards to Mauritius Telecom, the direct costs are mainly the setup fees and the licenses for the on-line training solutions, the groupware and membership fees for LinkedIn. Unintended expenses are those expenditures that are used to the advantage of numerous expense objects. This expense category would include loss of employee efficiency when they would concentrate on the new technologies and neglect their routine works. Costs can be categorized as a direct cost, indirect cost and intangible cost (Bavm 2015). Implementation Analysis The plan includes preparation of conversion plan, systems testing, and installation of databases, user training and conversion to the new system. The feedback would be used to correct any identified shortcomings. An implementation plan that meets the organization objectives is crucial to any innovation venture. The application refers to all the corporation activities working toward the adopting, managing, and making a routine out of innovation. Once the tests are completed, a detailed conversion plan would outline if the new structures should be implemented as an unexpected cut over or in parallel with existing systems and processes. The next step to take is the installation of the new databases. A pilot project should be conducted to test the new technologies with a small sample of users. The final step is the handing over of the systems to the users and this step also involves providing feedback to the vendor. User practicing is a significant milestone, as the new systems will be u sed efficiently only if people are well trained (Sklar 2001). Conclusion Mauritius telecom should have started using LinkedIn to recruit better-suited employees in regards to perfection in digital innovation implementation. An operations manager is also needed to make sure digital innovation goes smoothly. However, if the company does not do this, then it is bound to loose so much. References Bavm, N. K. (2015). Personal Connections in the Digital Age (Digital Media and Society). Franklin, M. I. (2013). Digital Dilemas: Power,Resistance,and the Internet. Lugmayr, A., Niiranen, S. (2004). Digital Interactive TV and Metadata: Future Broadcast Multimedia (Signals and Communication Technology). McQuivey, J., Bernoff, J. (2013). Digital Disruption: Unleashing the Next Wave of Innovation. Morabito, V. (2014). Trends and Challenges in Digital Business Innovation. Nicholas, A., Simon, J. (2016). New Frontiers in Social Innovation Research. Proaskis, J., Salehi, M. (2007). Digital Communications (5th ed.). Sklar, B. (2001). Digital Communications: Fundamentals and Applications (2nd Edition). Webb, N. J. (2011). The Digital Innovation Playbook: Creating a Transformative Customer Experience.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

Self Reliance Essay Example

Self Reliance Paper What is the most important line in Emerson’s â€Å"Self-Reliance†? Why? The most important line in Emerson’s â€Å"Self Reliance†, is â€Å"Trust thyself: every heart vibrates to that iron string. † (538) In other words, â€Å"if you trust yourself, then you will be strengthened by your decisions and actions. † Similarly, if you don’t consider and are not pressured by other’s thoughts, you will live a life solely based on what appeases you. Emerson believes that God is everywhere, present to inspire each individual. Emerson writes, â€Å"We lie in the lap of immense intelligence, which makes us receivers of its truth and organs of its activity. (539) We are all receiving unique inspirations, but our choice whether to accept the gift or reject it, is what makes us discomfited. Emerson argues that God’s manifest plan will not come to fruition if one conforms to societal norms; there would have been â€Å"no invention, no hope. † (538) This implies that advances in sciences would not have been possible if scientists had not challenged conventional beliefs. For example, Copernicus will not have refuted the earth’s centric theory if he did not believe in his own scientific inquiries. The divine presence that illuminates every soul sanctions self-trust. As Emerson writes, â€Å"A man is relieved and gay when he has put his heart into work and done his best. † (539) This statement most surely means that a man who does not conform to the rules outlined by society, but instead trusts himself and follows the path God has intended him to take, will be rewarded by excellence. For example, Mark Zuckerberg and Bill Gates are examples of men with supreme self belief, who flouted conventional thought, dropped out of Harvard, and pursued their dreams. The world has benefited immensely from these entrepreneurs. Furthermore Emerson writes, â€Å"Society is a joint-stock company, in which the members agree, for the better securing of his bread to each shareholder, to surrender the liberty and culture of the eater. The virtue in most is conformity. Self-reliance is its aversion. It loves not realties and creators, but names and customs. † (538) Emerson portrays how acceptance into society would result in the repression of the individual’s free will and other preeminent attributes, such as the expression of original thoughts and actions. We will write a custom essay sample on Self Reliance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Self Reliance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Self Reliance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Conformation cannot be justified because of the liberties and self- beliefs surrendered to fit in. Therefore the only justifiable means of reaching your true God-given potential in society is being self-reliant. Self-trust and self-consciousness in society are indirect variations to each other and in that the need to conform to society is no longer a problem, because the level of your self-reliance has increased, and self-consciousness decreased. Emerson defines genius. To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all men, that is genius. † (539) Man is inclined to dismiss his own inner thoughts and ideas, and yet is enthralled by what he sees in others. The belief that one’s own true thoughts are worthy regardless of others’ genius is to trust oneself, and be self-reliant. Works Cited: Emerson, Ralph Waldo. â€Å"Self-Reliance. † Harper American Literature Single Volume . 3rd Edition. 1999: 536-539 Self Reliance Essay Example Self Reliance Paper The essay of Self Reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson discusses the three major points of the self-contained genius, the disapproval of the world, and the value of self-worth. I really enjoyed reading this essay and I found several quotes that I found interesting and relatable. Emerson says, To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all men, † that is genius (Emerson). This quote is making a claim about knowledge. It means that what e perceive as the truth is true for every person of mankind because the truth is absolute and with no variations. This idea is Justified by this quote, Voice of the mind is to each, the highest merit which means that our inner voice, our own thought, is the ultimate source of excellence (Emerson). Here is another quote that I found particularly interesting as well, A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines (Emerson). Here, Emerson s making another claim about knowledge. He is explaining how we are affected by society. We conform to what society thinks is cool. We begin to create a false persona, a foolish consistency, which makes us ignorant and narrow-minded. We forget who we are and get caught up in nonsense, and that is exactly what society thrives off of. I agree with the first quote that I used, I find it hard to accept that people dont have a genuine perception of reality. I trust that everybody has good in them and knows the pure truth of things. We will write a custom essay sample on Self Reliance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Self Reliance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Self Reliance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When I sincerely believe in something with my full heart I have no doubt that it is the complete truth of reality. Its hard to speak for other people because I dont know their thoughts, perceptions and beliefs but I still think that we all have some sort of commonality of perception within us. I strongly agree with my second quote as well. I think that every human being, especially in America has conformed to societies standards. It is almost impossible to not to get engrossed in everything thats going on around us. Now that I realize it, almost everything in my life is based on societal standards, thoughts and ideas. Although most people are conformists I think it is important to have introvert tendencies. We all need to escape the prospects of society. It is important to think for yourself and do things for yourself. I always try to stay grounded and true to myself in everything I do. Works Cited: Emerson, Ralph W. Self-Reliance. Self-Reliance. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 Nov. 2013.. Self Reliance By allielacocona

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Analysis of the Four Seasons Hotel and its business strategy in the luxury hotel Industry

Analysis of the Four Seasons Hotel and its business strategy in the luxury hotel Industry INTRODUCTIONMethodology of ReportThe following report was derived from the primary use of secondary sources, in addition to telephone contact with hotel representatives. Secondary sources included research from the Internet, industry books, company marketing communications, trade and general business newspapers and magazines, among others. Through all the sources, relevant data and information was extracted into the report's appendices. After individual analysis and group discussion, the following report was devised. The mandate of this report is to provide a macro examination of the luxury hotel industry and specifically the future outlook of Four Seasons Hotel and Resorts, Inc.Company History and BackgroundThe vision for Four Seasons Hotel and Resorts (FSH) began back in the 1960's when current chairman and CEO, Isadore Sharp, envisioned a luxury lodging chain that was able to set itself apart by focusing on personalized and quality services. This has proven to be a fruitful strate gy as FSH's success has placed it as one of the world's largest luxury hotel chains and has earned a 5-year return on equity of approximately 19-20% (Refer to Appendix 16).hotel room camera obscuraToday FSH has expanded from being a single hotel operating in one country to having 55 properties in 25 countries. FSH is mostly involved with management operations in hotels and resorts, however, it has recently ventured into non-hotel endeavours. The firm is currently involved in 3 lines of businesses, ranging from hotels to resorts to residential condominiums all around the world (Refer to Appendix 9).The origin of FSH was rooted in ownership operations, whereby the corporation owned both the real estate and the building. In addition, the firm would manage the hotel or resort's daily operating activities. In more recent times, FSH has realized that management operations is actually a more lucrative business model that also...

Saturday, November 23, 2019

The Upside of Change No More Automatic Group Member Connections on LinkedIn

The Upside of Change No More Automatic Group Member Connections on LinkedIn On October 1, 2014, LinkedIn unceremoniously eliminated a widely relied-upon function: the ability to connect with anyone with whom you share a group, without needing to know their email address. Before October, if you wanted to connect with someone on LinkedIn with whom you shared a group, you would see a dropdown that looked like this: Now, the dropdown is one item shorter: While some LinkedIn members are postulating that the loss of automatic group member connections is a technical glitch that will be resolved, I’m assuming for now that it’s a permanent game changer. LinkedIn experts have recommended for years that you join the maximum number of LinkedIn group (50) so that you can easily expand your network. This reason for group membership seems to have disappeared. Or has it? The fact is, the people in your groups are still pre-filtered for shared interests and so you might still want to make the effort to connect with them. Just because you need their email address doesn’t mean you have to give up on building your network! Groups are still a great place to interact with valuable contacts, share information, and ask and answer questions. You can still do all that! The elimination of the automatic group connection feature might actually have an upside. Let’s say there’s someone in a group you want to connect with. What should you do? First, look in their Contact Information section or their Summary for their email address. If you find it there, you can easily enter it when prompted. Next, if you know what company they work for, Google them at their company. Or Google anyone at the company and you might be able to model your new contact’s email address on someone else’s. For instance, if you find an address like JaneSmith@Company.com, you can guess that your contact’s email address is JohnBrown@Company.com. If those options fail, you now must send an actual *message* to the person! Its free though. There are two ways to do this: Option #1 From Discussions, click on the members photo or name link to see that members activity. You will be taken to that members group Activity summary page. Click the Follow drop down menu on the right and select Send message. Option #2 Go to the group page and click on the number of members at the top right of the page. Search for the member you want to message. Then click the Send message link under their title. Your message might read something like this: Dear John, I was impressed by your contribution to the discussion in the Job Hunt group about HR practices in pharmaceutical companies. I would love to speak with you further about this topic and would be honored if you would provide me with your email address so I can send you an invitation to join my network! I would be happy to arrange a phone call as a starting point. Yes my dear social-media-savvy, you might have to interact with another human being before adding them as another number on your connection list. What I’m suggesting is that LinkedIn may have done us all a favor by forcing us to work a bit to connect with people whom we don’t really know even though we share a group. What do you think about this idea? Remember again that group membership is valuable for many reasons, not just for ease of connecting with group members. Smaller, more local group in particular provide a forum for you to become a thought leader in your niche. If you participate enthusiastically enough, it’s likely that other people will do the work of finding *your* contact information and send you requests to connect, rather than the other way around! What do you see as the impact of the â€Å"loss† of this connection feature? I’d love to hear your opinion.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Explain THE STORY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Explain THE STORY - Essay Example Therefore, this approach would mean that the act of torture be undertaken for the happiness of the millions. I as well believe that if terrorist is left un-tortured, the victims to the explosion of the bomb would be so many. Therefore, it is right to torture the terrorist for him to reveal the information needed to help the people at stake. In scenario B and from Kant’s point of view it would not be ethical to frame the old man for the crimes he did not commit. It would be quite hard for the will of a maxim and its subjective principle becoming universal law to be proved. On Mill’s perspective based on utilitarian theory, it wouldbe the only thing to do given the vast crisis that is currently witnesses in the multiracial community. Convicting the old man for the crimes would have much positive impact on the socio-economic existence of the inhabitants here. On my own, I would suggest the NYPD intensify the search to bring the right culprit to book in a timely manner as it would be unfair to convict an innocent person both in the eyes of God and the law. The old man would as well be seriously affected in the event he clears his jail term and has to come back into the same society that he

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

East and West Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

East and West - Essay Example It is then that Jesus named Simon his chief disciple, giving him the name Peter meaning â€Å"rock†. At the point of the naming, Jesus blessed Simon and made his promise of building an everlasting and Holy Church upon the â€Å"rock† that was Simon Peter. Upon the death of Jesus Christ, Simon Peter became the Chief priest and head of the other disciples to spearhead the apostolic era spread of the Gospel. It then happened that Simon Peter became the first person among the disciples to establish the very first church in Rome (Dowley 195). As believed by many Catholics, the murder of Peter took place in Rome, where he also served as the head of Christians in the region and across the world. Guettee notes that many Christian believers and particularly Catholics believe that the Roman bishop received Peter’s mantle to lead the Christian flock across the world. Catholics also believe that before Peter died, he entrusted the bishop of Rome with the responsibilities of building and caring for established Church. With the existing belief and honor granted to the bishop of Rome as the leader and head of largest section of the Christian Church, and as an attribute to Peter, Adrian I declared himself as the Pope, a trend matured by Nicholas I and upheld further by King Gregory VII. Episcopacy is a form of government organization developed to rule the church (Dowley 196.). The rise of episcopacy in Christianity in the early Church attaches to the presbyter. Presbyter was a priest and overseer in the various churches and believed to develop from the Apostles of Jesus Christ during the spread of the Gospel. Papandrea explains that the concurrent growth and increase in population of Christians facilitated the formation of higher position of bishop of Rome, also considered as father bearing the great responsibility of exercising control of the Catholics in Rome and beyond (23). As the churches grew with characterization of multitude of followers, it became hard for the bishop to manage the churches single handedly, thus, the need to develop some other positions and offices to help manage the churches. The newly formed positions comprised the priests who were still presbyters and deacons, all of whom had the responsibilities of serving various divisions of Christians. Both the priest and the deacons were answerable to the bishop. It is worth noting that the deacons were assistants of the priests and, therefore, every church or congregation had the two dignitaries. Bishop of Rome enjoyed exclusive rights to appoint, dismiss the priests and deacons, approve church members and even baptize church members. Bishop of Rome also exercised absolute control over the finances of the various churches under his control and settled disputes among the church members. The Bishop of Rome also headed other bishops serving in other cities and countries. The entire system was what entailed the episcopacy. The bishop of Rome, otherwise known as the Pope, played various functions, center of which was the unification of the Christian religion (Dowley 200). Bishop of Rome mediated between Christians upon emergence of any conflicts and differences. For instance, Leo the Great met with the barbarians of Hun in 452 and the barbarians of Vandal in 455 to negotiate the modalities of restoring peace in Rome through withdrawal of the threats posed by the barbarians. Pope Gregory 1 also led negotiation with the Lombard barbarians in 592 to ensure withdrawal of the

Sunday, November 17, 2019

The New Technology of War Essay Example for Free

The New Technology of War Essay Tanks: Tanks were massive killing machines, which could hold many goods and many men. This was an advantage because before tanks were invented, the soldiers had to walk to and from different battlefields under the risk of shellfire. The tanks were obviously bullet proof and protective and could move through the battlefield. They could go through wire entanglements and cross enemy trenches. This was useful to make a space for friendly soldiers to attack and could push back the enemy frontline a few miles. The tanks were strong enough to carry massive guns capable of blowing down enemy trench walls from a 100 metres away. Ties meant that the enemy would be open so the friendly soldiers could shoot in. Because the tanks were so massive, they tear up mud by their caterpillar tracks, which make it a disadvantage for friendly troops to run and walk over. Many of the German trenches were too wide so the tanks front fell into the trenches instead of going over. Consequently if the machine gunners were close to the tank, they could put sticky bombs on the side of it. The tanks were sometimes unreliable and most broke down at the start. This meant that lots of them would be a waste of money. There were still many mechanical problems with tanks, but they proved themselves to be a weapon of the future. In the event, the full potential of the tank was not to be realised until it had been from its infantry support role. Once it appeared, backed by air power, the age of battlefield domination was over. Wars of movement were once possible. With machine guns the tanks were killing machines that were lethal. Machine guns: It provided rapid and sustained fire so you wouldnt waste valuable time reloading the weapon. This also meant that the enemy could be mowed down easily so that it could hold the frontline and was a very valuable defensive item. They were useful in planes because it was very hard to hit enemy planes so machine guns could fire randomly and fast so there would be a definite hit. The machine guns were very expensive and when in a time of war, countries were strapped for cash so they were very rare. They also used a lot of ammunition. Around 120 bullets were fired per minute so it would cost lots and lots of money to fuel it. The machine guns could not be used to attack because they were too heavy. Also if their own troops were going across, then the machine gunners would have to stop because they would kill their own men. The machine guns were a great invention and provided a fresh new start for some future technology. It proved useful in many battles. These machines mainly won some of these battles. Gas: The gas method was deadly and had never been seen before. It could spread through walls and trenches and went as far as it could until it diffused. This meant that you didnt always have to hit the right spot while releasing the gas. The gas could also kill people fast and could cloud the vision of many people so they would wander out, linking it to the tanks and so the tanks could move across without being seen or heard if the soldiers had gas masks on until the tanks came close. Usually to attack you would need to lose a few men at least but this new method meant that no friendly soldier would be hurt in the process. Although gas could kill quickly, it took a long time to get to its destination just like a zeppelin. Lots of gas was really needed to kill the enemy soldiers because the gas needed to be dense. This meant that it was expensive to use the gas and it wasnt always effective because most of the soldiers had gas masks after a few months. This meant that gas could be totally ineffective and so it would be such a waste of money on the gas. Gas, of course, could accidentally come back to your own trenches from wind coming your way. Gas was highly feared by many humans throughout Europe because many rumours had gone around that it was the work of the devil and could kill anything so when gasmasks were introduced it meant that many people were rushing around for them like they were a saviour. Planes and Zeppelins: Planes and zeppelins were very useful because there was warfare everywhere. On land, under ground and on water but now in the air. It was useful because no guns were able to fire up at 180à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ so planes were very unlikely to get shot down. They could drop bombs straight down on the enemy. This meant they could be accurate. Planes are linked with machineguns because of the use of them in planes so you didnt have to be accurate to shoot fighter planes. Zeppelins could be massive transport carriers of weapons and other goods. These sorts of machines would take a lot of time to make and be expensive which makes them like tanks. They were not always in the air and so had hangers and such where lots of bombers could easily blow them up before they could get into the air. Like most of technology, both sides would always find out the secret of the new machine so battles in the sky would always take place and would normally be a long battle or a stalemate. Planes were lightweight because they could not fly if they werent so this meant they had no armour so were unreliable. Planes and zeppelins were not used until the Second World War because earlier planes were unsuccessful and zeppelins hadnt been invented yet. But planes were found to be useful and they evolved around the war. The zeppelins were massive airplanes like air tanks ready to drop massive bombs. Modern Technology These modern methods were more effective, accurate and much more reliable. The older methods included horses, which were fast, but as animals they needed feeding, looking after and they needed rest so that meant they would have to wait prolonged periods for the chance to attack. It would cost money to feed the horse. They needed medicine to look after the horse as well. Dogs and pigeons were also used in the war for communication. Pigeons could fly distances of up to 60 miles and 80% of messages got through. But radio messages and telegraph wires were much more useful and would have direct contact with HQ and all messages would get through. So the older methods were fine for the time. Most battles did not take place and were stalemates so the newer technology was needed to break the stalemate and reach a quicker end of a battle, meaning a quicker war. But machine guns were meant to defend trenches and so were effective that they caused most of the stalemates. Many people had good ideas but tanks were the best and this pushed back enemy lines because enemy machine guns could not shoot them and waves of soldiers followed behind them. But tanks were for blowing up artillery not soldiers. So the army needed a weapon for killing masses of soldiers. The answer was gas. At first gas was used to knockout enemy soldiers but gradually more lethal gases were introduced. To kill, blind, maim and blister the enemy. Gas broke stalemates easily 178,500 British were hurt and 7,500 killed by gas. The Germans had 101,650 hurt and 5,350 killed. But then gas masks were invented and gas became so useless that some other machine was needed. Planes were used in earlier wars but were not effective but now new types were available so armies tried them and they seemed unstoppable by guns because they were so fast and there were battles in the air but as per usual there were guns to shoot down planes. So many new inventions were made and were, as you can see from my evidence, much more effective then old fashioned methods but there was always something to stop the new technology. The best defensive weapon is apparent to be the machinegun out of the new and old technology. This is because of the way it mowed down the enemy soldiers coming towards the trench. They could also be far apart because the gun could rotate up to 360à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. Even though it is a defensive weapon, it was most useful in attacking machines such as planes because of its quick fire. The best technology for attack was the planes because of their ability to pass over anything and have no boundaries unlike tanks, which cant pass over some trenches. They were able to break the stalemate by bombing front trenches and pushing the enemy back. New Technology and inventions were vital in breaking the stalemate in the war on the western front and completely replaced older fashioned methods. To discuss this we need to look at different parts of the sentence. To start off with New technology and inventions were vital to break the stalemate in the war can be discussed easily. It says that they were vital but they were not only used to break the stalemate they were used also to keep the stalemate (machine guns). Some were not vital to the breaking of the stalemate but some were just used to destroy the trenches but not actually cause enough damage to break the stalemate and push the enemy back. The second part of the sentence is and completely replaced older fashioned methods. The word completely should not be used because if all the modern technology failed then the soldiers would have to rely on the older methods. So the word completely should be changed to parts. The fact is that nothing is ever totally replaced or exterminated. For example small pox is still around in the world today but not in Europe and that is why it is like the new technology. It may have replaced the older fashioned methods in Europe but it still did not replace it in the whole world. For example in China at that time, many horses were still used at the time. This sentence only complies with the positive side of the effect of modern technology. It uses two main facts to present the idea that the modern technology was only good. Coming into the new century was a big time for the old 19th century people. They were a new generation of invention lovers who were not afraid of the new technology unlike the generation before them. So they welcomed the new machines not fearing what damage they could do because they had only experienced mostly good things from new machines. Conclusion: The whole point of the essay was not to find out both sides of the modern weapon findings. As I went over the project I found different ideas and views on how technology was good and needed and how European Warfare would have been better off without it. I found out which machines were useful and which caused more hassle than good. I found why people views were what they were and whether they were good enough or not. At first before I came into this project fully, my views were that all technology was for the best but some were not and some were vital for peace. Weapons can be used for peace but they are mostly used for war. I found that tanks, if not invented, would surely effect the damage felt on Britain. Most probably increasing it because of the way the British used it so much. I had also found that if the German machine gun had not been invented, that the Germans may have lost the war much quicker because of the way they fiercely mowed down enemy soldiers heading towards the trenches. I found that many people had to put their trust in the machines and use them because of the inevitable increase in use of them. Many people I have read about have pushed for an technological advance in weapon warfare where others have the sure belief that it will all end up wrong.

Friday, November 15, 2019

Impact of Debt Servicing on Economic Growth

Impact of Debt Servicing on Economic Growth Abstract The external debt has become a key problem for Pakistan. Pakistan has huge debt to pay, which also entails interest payment on the loan borrowed. It adds burden to the economy of Pakistan. Government through different means try to pay these loans. In this paper we have analyzed the impact of debt servicing on economic growth, i.e. whether debt servicing positively or negatively affect the economic growth. The data collected for this purpose ranges from 1982 to 2008. We have use regression test and find out that debt servicing is positively effecting the growth of Pakistan. Key Words: Debt Servicing, Economic Growth, GDP, Human Capital, Labor Force Introduction Many researchers have focused on the relationship between external debt and growth, and what is the impact of external debt on economy. It also persists to attract considerable interest from economists and policymakers. A large amount of research has been carried out on this topic and substantial literature is also available, but few have conducted research on the impact of debt servicing on economic growth. The conditions and the interest rates on which the loan is provided can vary from donor to donor. Weak economies due to low revenue generation cannot meet their expenses and have to gain loan from international financial institutions or have to issue Treasury bills. Once they obtain loan they utilize it in the development projects and generate revenue, however on maturity, Government does not have to repay only the principal amount of loan but also have to pay amount of interest on it. International Financial Institutions like World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Asian Development Bank are the leading donor agencies. They give loan on hard and soft conditions depending upon the credit rating of the country. The discussion is going on for a passage of time, whether debt acquired by the loaner country, helps it in boosting the economic growth or the conditions implied by the donor lowers the economic growth. The higher debt service payments can also have negative effects on the composition of public spending by minimizing the amount of resources available for infrastructure and human capital, which have negative effects on growth. If external debt service is minimized it could increase growth through public investment. (Clemets et al, 2003). (Cholifihani, 2008) discuss the relationship between Public debt service and GDP. He used a production function model which measured GDP as a function of debt service, capital stock, labor and human capital in which all data are represented by constant local currency unit. He comes up with the result that Indonesia faces a debt overhang problem in the long run since increasing the public external debt service slows economic growth. The objective of this research paper is to determine the impact of debt servicing on the economic growth of Pakistan; which needs to be reviewed as these dimensions are not studied before especially in the context of Pakistan. Research study will be carried on the basis of data available of the debt servicing and economic growth. Literature Review Developing countries face the problem of debt-servicing on the economic growth which creates extra burden on the economies. For countries who do not want to print money and have lo generation of tax revenue will opt for borrowing money. Like many other LDCs, Pakistan being one of developing country has accumulated large debt burden and continuously made debt-servicing payments to the lenders which ultimately affects the fiscal position of the country. Debt Borrowing have to speed up the economic growth particularly when domestic financial resources are not enough to meet and need the extra funds. Theory of Economic also states that reasonable levels of loan accelerate economy and beyond a certain level it affects the economy negatively. The key factor is that countries in early years of development have low levels of capital stock and also the investment chances are lower. Many researchers have often argued that borrowing countries if invest the funds into productive development programs, they certainly would enjoy Macroeconomic stability. This results in lowering the debt obligations and increase in the economic growth. (Blavy, 2006) conduct a research over Jamaica, in which he emphasis on channeling the debt into productive investment. He also states that high level of debt is directly related to low level of growth. (Krugman 1988) define debt overhang a situation in which the expected repayment on external debt falls short of contractual value of debt. If a countrys debt level is anticipated to increase the countrys repayment ability with some probability in the future, expected debt service is likely to be a boosting function of the countrys output level. Investment from domestic and foreign investors is depressed which results in slowing of the economic growth. In other words, Krugman hypothesis states that debt overhang is partly due to the burden of foreign debt and that investment will be slow resulting in poor growth performance. The most widely used indicator to express debt is percentage of GNP or debt servicing as a percentage of exports and fiscal deficit for both external and internal (S.P Gupta, 1994). Rising debt limits the ability of a country to finance vital imports and to initiate new development projects. Paper focuses on some countries because of their low per capita income dependence heavily on few primary commodities for export earnings. Most of the projects were designed to improve domestic industry rather than increasing exports directly, concept was that national economies would grow over time and also the export production, and reasonable trends in export prices would allow the debt service obligations (Joshua Greene, 1989). .Most of the low income countries that face the problem of budget deficit have weak domestic structure. They get loan through International Financial Institutions like World Bank, International Monetary Fund and Asian Development Bank and through developed countries. IMF providing the debt on certain conditions also asks them to export primary commodities. Due to the excess supply of primary commodities, prices gets low and revenue generated is low, which can cause problems like debt overhang for the debtors nation (Michael, 1998). (William Easterly 2002) states the reasons of poor countries becoming heavily indebted poor countries. He states that Governments who does not change discount rates have to obtain more loans to get debt relief for long term. The major issue faced by the countries while paying debt is the increasing inflation and low growth. Repayment of external debt has shown to entail a tradeoff between growth and inflation (Beatriz et al, 1994). Credibility of the country is also a key factor in obtaining the loan on soft conditions and low interest rates. Countries with the less creditworthiness had to pay large spread on external debt and also have to face harsh conditions for obtaining loans. The increase in debt will add to the country loss of credibility (Gupta, 1994). The credit rationing effect arises, when debtors are not able to repay the debts. Countries increase their interest rates to enhance savings which lead to shorten the saving investment gap, which negatively affect investment and hurts economic growth. (Wijeweera et al, 2005). Like every country Pakistan also took measures to limit the inflationary pressure and to protect the competitiveness of its exports. In fact there is a time frame to work their way through economy, growth can be effected if the effectiveness is not done on time (Afxentiou and Serletis, 1996). Ogunmuyiwa, 2011 carry out a research in Nigeria, in which he measures the relationship between external debt and growth. He comes up with the result that causation between debt and growth in Nigeria is weak and insignificant, and changes in GDP cannot be forecast with changes in external debt Methodology The equation has been adopted by the Indonesian paper, in this equation we will be taking GDP as a function of Human Capital, labor force and Capital stock. Y=A+B1x1+B2x2+B3x3 Y (GDP) = ÃŽ ± + B1 (Human Capital) +B2 (Capital Stock) + B3 (Labor Force) + â‚ ¬ At first, we will be checking the relation of the variables to the GDP. How much they are explaining and are affecting GDP. In Second equation, we will be checking the relationship between GDP and external debt servicing. Equation is; Y=A+B1x1 Y (GDP) = ÃŽ ± + B1 (External Debt Servicing) + â‚ ¬ For this study, we have covered a period of 1982 to 2008. The data has been collected from World Bank Catalog. The variables used in this study are GDP, Capital stock, labor force, human capital and debt servicing. Data sources are taken from key indicators of Asian Development Bank, World Development Indicators published by the World Bank. Almost all monetary units of variables are in US dollars, while labor is expressed by number of people. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a dependent variable, whereas, capital stock, labor force, human capital are determinant factors of GDP (Cholifihani, 2008). Variable of income is represented by real GDP at 2000 constant prices as GDP better reflects the independent productive capacity of the country (Cordella, 2005). Capital stock is represented by real fixed capital stock. GDP and fix capital stock are taken from World Development Indicators (WDI) published by the World Bank. Labor force is defined as employed people. Total people working i.e. employed labor force in jobs are collected from key indicators published by Asian Development Bank (ADB). Human capital in this case is represented by education expenditure per year. Human capital is important as it enhances the economy since this variable includes general skills and ability of labor to do a job. External debt service is defined as Total the sum of principal repayments and interest actually paid in foreign currency, goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paid on short-term debt and repayments (repurchases and charges) to the IMF (World Bank Catalog). Results Model Interpretation Significance R Square Standardized Co-efficient BETA Significance .000 .98 .163 Human Capital .104 Human Capital -.193 Capital Stock .038 Capital Stock 1.014 Labor Force .000 Labor Force In first equation we want to check the effect of all variables on GDP. -47090.6 is a fixed value which will come in each scenario. The coefficient of Human Capital is .163, means that increase in human capital will lead to increase in GDP. In other words it can be said that one unit change in human capital, GDP would also be increased by .163 units. The result is 0.104 which means it is less significant. The coefficient of capital stock is -.193, that if there is an increase in capital stock then GDP would be decreased. In other words we can say that Capital stock does not play a significantly role. The result is 0.00 which means it is negatively significant. The coefficient of labor force is 1.014, meaning if there is increase in labor force then GDP will be increased. The result is 0.00 which means it is positively significant. The R Square tells us about the model fitness. In our case the model is fit i.e. 98.08 %, hence we can conclude that all variables used in this model explain it by 98.08 % and around 2% is not explained by these variables. We can conclude that the other variables which explain the equation are external and are not included. Model Interpretation Significance R Square Standardized Co-efficient BETA Significance .000 .45 .675 Debt Servicing .000 Debt Servicing In the second equation, we have investigated the relationship between external debt servicing and GDP. The R square is 0.455, which means that only 45% is explained by this variable and rest of 55% was explained by external factors. The coefficient of debt servicing is .675 that if there is an increase in debt servicing then GDP would also increase. The result is 0.00 which means it is significant. Limitations The limitation of this study is that data of debt servicing includes only represents external debt servicing and the internal debt servicing was not included due to non availability of data. The result could have given a exact picture of the impact of debt servicing on economic growth if both internal and external debt service would have been added. In start we try to collect data from 1970 to 2008, but data was available from 1982 to 2008. Conclusion The main focus of this study was to analyze the effects of debt servicing on economic growth. Within limited indicators we find out that debt servicing has positively affected the economic growth of Pakistan. Theoretically it is not possible because a big amount form received borrowings is used for debt return and its interest and it should negatively affect the economy But in case of Pakistan the amount of debt circulating in the economy is high. Estimated about 70% of the economy of Pakistan consists of debt. With the passage of time, the debt should have reduced but it has increased. It can be said that the debt should be invested in productive areas rather than wasted on less productive projects.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Occurrence Of Dental Caries Health And Social Care Essay

The recent diminution in the happening of dental cavities has brought a alteration in distribution of the cavities job in many populations. At present bulk are particularly kids and striplings, have no or merely a few cavitated lesions, while for a few the cavities experience still remains comparatively high.1,6 Clinical variables, particularly past cavities experience, have been confirmed as the most important forecasters of future cavities development. The position of the most late erupted or open surface is the most appropriate step of past cavities experience. Sociodemographic variables are most of import to anticipation theoretical accounts for immature kids and older grownups. Microbial degrees are included in the most accurate anticipation models.2 Cavities risk appraisal is an of import portion of preventative dental medicine since cavities is preventable, early designation of relevant factors impacting populations that may increase the hazard of cavities is of import. Appraisal of single aetiologic factors for bing carious lesions is a requirement for future cavities risk.3 Repeated finding of the caries-risk allows an rating of the success or the demand for alteration of preventative steps. Indications of an increased caries-risk in specific population in community preventative programmes will let choice of an single preventative programme in order to understate the development of carious lesions.4Multifactorial appraisal of cavities hazard:Dental cavities is a multifactorial disease in which there is interplay of four chief factors: The host ( saliva and dentitions ) , The microbic vegetation ( plaque & A ; micro-organisms ) The substrate ( diet ) and The time.4 The hazard of dental cavities can be evaluated by analyzing and incorporating several causative factors. In day-to-day pattern the caries-risk is determined in order to measure the single patient ‘s hazard, to place the chief causative factors and to urge specific preventative steps for single needs.4Cariogram aa‚ ¬ † A multifactorial appraisal tool:The Cariogram is a cavities hazard forecaster theoretical account that has been developed to depict and cipher the single cavities risk profile. It was developed in 1996 by Bratthall as educational theoretical account, taking at exemplifying the multifactorial background of dental cavities in a simple way.5 The chief intent of the Cariogram is to show the cavities risk diagrammatically, expressed as the Chance to avoid new cavities in the close hereafter. It besides illustrates to what extent assorted factors affect the Chance. And besides to promote preventative steps before new pits could develop.5The five sectors of the cariogram:The Cariogram, a pie circle-diagram, is divided into five sectors, in the undermentioned colors: green, dark blue, ruddy, light blue and xanthous bespeaking the different groups of factors related to dental cavities. An account of each sector is as follows. The green sector shows an appraisal of the Actual opportunity to avoid new pits. The green sector is what is left when the other factors have taken their portion. The dark blue sector Diet is based on a combination of diet contents and diet frequence. The ruddy sector Bacteria is based on a combination of sum of plaque and mutans streptococci. The light blue sector Susceptibility is based on a combination of fluoride plan, saliva secernment and spit buffer capacity. The yellow sector Circumstances is based on a combination of past cavities experience and related diseases. 7 5Factors assessed by cariogram:The Cariogram plan with a constitutional algorithm, evaluates the cavities risk profile of an person. Nine factors of relevancy to cavities are entered into the plan and given a mark harmonizing to predetermined graduated tables for each factor.Cavities experience:Clinical scrutiny of figure of rotten, filled and losing dentitions should be recorded. The cavities prevalence is an of import factor as it illustrates how the balance between opposition factors and cavities bring oning factors has been in the yesteryear. If the cavities prevalence is high, it means that the patient has been susceptible to the disease during a past period of clip.Related general diseases:Several general diseases, conditions can straight or indirectly act upon the cavities procedure, either through impacting saliva formation and composing, through a caries-inducing dietetic form or through medical specialties. Diseases or conditions in early childhood may hold influenced the formation of the enamel. For illustration: Autoimmune diseases, like Sjogren ‘s syndrome Intake of medical specialties Radiation towards the head-neck part Disabilities should be taken into consideration. Because of hapless eye-sight may impact right unwritten hygiene steps. They have troubles in cleaning their dentitions decently.Diet contents:Diet plays a cardinal function in the development of dental cavities, and there is a correlativity between ingestion of fermentable saccharides and cavities. Fermentable saccharides include dietetic sugars chiefly sucrose, glucose, fructose and cooked starches, which can be broken down quickly by salivary amylase to fermentable sugars. A high lactobacillus count will bespeak high saccharide ingestion.Diet frequence:Frequency of consumption of fermentable saccharides is one of the cardinal factors in the appraisal of cavities hazard. 24 hr callback diet history is recorded for frequence of meal consumption.Plaque sum:Plaque is the direct and of import aetiologic factor for cavities as it harbours micro-organisms. Plaque Index harmonizing to Silness & A ; Loe ( 1964 ) was used to gauge the plaque s um.Scoring standards for Silnesss & A ; Loe plaque index.PI 0= No plaque PI 1= A movie of plaque adhering to the free gingival border and next country of the tooth. The plaque may be seen in situ merely after application of unwraping solution or by utilizing the investigation on the tooth surface. PI 2= Moderate accretion of soft sedimentations within the gingival pocket or on the tooth and gingival border which can be seen with the bare oculus. PI 3= Abundance of soft affair within the gingival pocket and/or on the tooth and gingival border.Mutans streptococcuss:Streptococcus mutans considered to play active function in the development of cavities, particularly in the early phases of the lesion formation. Mutans streptococcus are acidogenic and acidophilic bacteriums that they can bring forth acids which can fade out the tooth substance and that they can last and even in a low pH environment. They can besides bring forth extracellular glucans, which helps them to adhere to the tooth surfaces.Fluoride programme:Fluoride is a really strong factor bring oning opposition to cavities and of importance for remineralisation of early cavities lesions. The relevant information on fluorides has to be obtained by patient interviews.Amount spit secreted:Appraisal of the saliva flow rate is done. The sum and the quality of the spit is recorded. Medication, radiation therapy to caput and cervix that affect the salivary secretory organs, salivary rocks, anorexia nervosa, autoimmune diseases and diabetes mellitus are illustrations of grounds for the low secernment rate. In mensurating saliva flow rate, either unstimulated or stimulated saliva secernment is chosen.Saliva buffer capacity:The spit has several of import protective maps, both for dentition and for unwritten mucosal surfaces. Its clearance of nutrient dust, sugars and acids from the unwritten pit is of import for cavities protection. Saliva buffer system seek to maintain pH near to impersonal. Buffer capacity is of import spits factor that is measured.Clinical opinion:The entire feeling of the cavities state of affairs, including societal factors, gives a positive position, more positive than what the Cariogram seems to bespeak. The tester would wish to do the green sector bigger or smaller to better or diminish the Chance to avoid cavities sector for the patient.5Estimating cavities hazard utilizing cariogram:When all the information associating to the factors was estimated, including consequences of the spit trials, the relevant information was entered into the Cariogram computing machine plan to cipher the cavities hazard. Cariogram assesses the hazard of future cavities activity and expresses the consequence as the opportunity of avoiding cavities. The opportunity varies on a graduated table from 0 to 100 % . A 0 % opportunity of avoiding cavities means that lesions will decidedly happen over clip ( high cavi ties hazard ) . And 100 % opportunity of avoiding cavities means that there is no hazard of future cavities activity ( low cavities hazard ) . 8Decision:Cariogram theoretical account can be able to place the caries-related factors that could be the grounds for the hereafter cavities hazard anticipation, and hence assist the tooth doctor to be after appropriate preventative measures.9 This caries-risk appraisal should be repeated on a regular basis as an assistance in the preventative and non-operative direction of the cavities disease.6 Cavities hazard can be estimated in particular attention kids, disabled, bedfast patients and appropriate cavities preventative actions can be initiated.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Military history Essay

You [Military professionals] must know something about strategy and tactics and logistics, but also economics and politics and diplomacy and history. You must know everything you can know about military power, and you must also understand the limits of military power. You must understand that few of the important problems of our time have in the final analysis, been solved by military power alone–John F. Kennedy (Quoted from â€Å"Winning the Peace the Requirement for Full-spectrum Operations† by Chiarelli and Michaelis (2005). Military history-just like any other form of history- can make or break you depending on how you use it. In US, for example, military battles and wars can be traced back to the 1700s when America was in the verge of attaining independence. From then onwards, there have been a series of wars-mainly in their conquest and colonization efforts. In other parts of the world, military history also faced variable evolutions that led to the utilization of different forms and strategies. All these wars can however be collectively summarized with the first and second world wars which saw direct or indirect participation of almost all countries from all over the world (Gabel, 1985, p. 1-85). It is from studying such rich history that current military professionals are able to have a relatively easy time when going about their vital schedules. These lessons can be in form of making improvements on already discovered fundamental concepts or alternatively, learning from past mistakes by avoiding them. Failure to positively learn comes with a bag-full of consequences; more aptly put in the words of John Santayana â€Å"Those who do not know history are doomed to repeat it. † In giving his contribution to this vastly debated subject, RAF (2010, p. 152) rhetorically asks that â€Å"If the study of history is so fraught with problems, and either so easy to get wrong or difficult to get right, depending on one’s view of the contents of the glass, why bother at all? † Well, so many answers-backed with evidences-have been advanced to support both ends of the debate. However, the focus of this paper is going to be on circumspectly highlighting the importance of studying military history-which most researchers amass as being vital-while partly highlighting its demerits. Before delving deep into why we should or should not study military history, it is inherent that we start by mentioning the importance of history as an entity in itself. It is from getting this background knowledge that we will be able to ardently address the issue of military history. Most scholars tend to heavily draw their knowledge from historical data; so they strongly commend the study of history in general. Others, on the other hand, either oppose it or support sparing use of historical sources. To the latter, history-more so the written type-is subject to people’s interpretations, understandings and opinions thus may be misleading in studies since it is not very accurate or reliable (RAF, 2010, p. 153). For example, Presher (1901) describes his views on America’s abuse of noncombatants in a Filipino village. To some historians, the abuse described here was not really abuse but just an exercise of power. Both views might therefore be very confusing to people trying to get the real picture of what happened during that time. According to RAF (2010, p. 153), the literature studied in history â€Å"Is inevitably extensive and, almost equally inevitably, much of it is impenetrable on first inspection. † This may also deviate from what is really meant. RAF goes ahead and advises that if we are to get the most accurate and precise representation of what happened, we need to study â€Å"In breadth, depth and arguably most importantly in a proper context. † We should also ensure that we focus on many sources from authoritative individuals so as to get facts rather than myths or fables which might be misleading (p. 152-156). For instance, The long shadow of little rock is a personal memoir of Daisy Bates which makes the writing authentic and credible as opposed to other military history records which are narrated from the perspective of hearsays. Just like any major area of human concern, the study of military history has its predefined language and concepts. Consequently, when studying military history, it is inherent that you familiarize yourself with jargons used here. For example, words like Strategic, operational, Tactical and Individual are used in military history to represent the realms of traditional history (Kagan (2006). It is also important to note that the studies should be conducted in an order. Haphazard studies tend to confuse rather than perform the fundamental functions of studying military history. Having said that, what really are the advantages of studying military history? Elementarily, RAF (2010, p. 157) documents that military history studies by military professionals offers entertainment, inspiration, information and pride to its students. Just by studying about the escapades of our historical heroes and villains in their military obligations, we are able to get entertainment since most of the stories are appalling. On top of that, we get informed from the in-depth descriptions of the war times. In With the Old Breed, Sledge (2001) grippingly describes the horrendous experiences at Peleliu and Okinawa while informing the readers of how difficult it was to survive during that time. In effect, someone studying the story gets informed and entertained at the same time. Murray & Sinnreich (2006, p. 32) assert that â€Å"Military history helps provide the theoretical foundation for the science of war, and continues to do so even in an era of huge technological and social change. † Gabel (1985, p. 3) exemplifies this by talking of â€Å"clumsy, unreliable, difficult to operate† fight tanks that provided a basis for the formation of better tanks to be used in other wars. In another example to show how one piece of history laid theoretical foundation for another, Lupfer (1981, p. 8) says that: The Germans did not win the First World War and their strategic conduct of the war was often flawed. Yet, much value can be derived from their development of tactical doctrine, for the Germans developed and applied new tactical doctrine impressively in 1917 and 1918. Their tactical changes were systematic and thorough, for these changes in doctrine directly affected subsequent battlefield success. In addition, studying military history provides a platform for referencing by military professionals. Lupfer (1981, p. 8) articulates of changes made by the army of Germany courtesy of army’s high command—OHL. First, a defensive doctrine is adopted based on previous studies then later, an offensive strategy is adopted. In the long run, the German army succeeds in curbing their oppositions in the western fronts. According to Hanson (2007), military history also plays the irreplaceable role of reminding us happenings of the past and how the people back then contributed to our current state. The numerous documentations of the battles in the 1700s helps us not only to know the sacrifices endure for the achievement of independence but also reminds to be grateful and appreciative of all the villains who paved the way for the current freedoms in the U. S Moreover, military trainings only cover a small portion of the fundamental aspects involved in military education. Most scholars opinionate that military history helps in filling the knowledge void left by other forms of military education. Specifically, military history enhances practicability of military education which is crucial for the growth of military professionals. Hanson (2007) adds that â€Å"Democratic citizenship requires knowledge of war—and now, in the age of weapons of mass annihilation, more than ever. † It is for this reason that institutions that focus on military history are slowly-but steadily- rising in many nations. This is also evident with the various movies, shows and songs that currently tend to incorporate aspects of military history. Examples include award-wining movies like Troy and 300 among many others. In spite of being hugely debated by many researchers, Hanson-and a handful of other scholars-further opinionate that military history teaches us that war is not necessarily as bad as most people perceive it to be. So even though millions of people may get killed or innumerable properties may get destroyed, through war, we may get peace, freedom or even progress economically which is positive. In other words, war involves doing something bad with the hope that something good may come out of it. This can be exemplified with the outcomes of the vastly covered World wars (WWI and WWII); despite the numerous deaths and huge economic losses that resulted from them, the wars also pioneered dialogue which led to freedom and peace amongst the involved states. On the flipside, the study of war does not necessarily equate to advantages. Chiarelli and Michaelis (2005) support this statement by saying that â€Å"A gun on every street corner, although visually appealing, provides only a short-term solution and does not equate to long-term security grounded in a democratic process. † So in spite of peace being the ultimate target for wars, many wars end up with worse rivalry thus worsening the already bad situation. In instances where peace or freedom was not realized from the war, students who study the war may end up sucking in bad influence and negative lessons rather than the positive lessons that is targeted for them. It is also important to note that some people who study military history may get private information on some confidential issues which may pose a threat to those living around them. An example is chemical combinations of making a bomb landing in the hands of a terrorist. This poses a danger not only to people living around the terrorist but also on the country as a whole. Yet still, the study of military history can prove quite costly and risky. So many people currently focus on technological advancements, discovery of new drugs to solve the current diseases, making work easier through software among other things. I effect, very little time and attention is given to studying of past histories. The fact that history cannot be changed yet we can determine what becomes of our future makes even more people gutter the study of history while concentrating on current affairs as well as prospective forecasts. As a result, those who concentrate on studying military history mostly have to personally dig into their pockets so as to the studies as opposed to the millions of dollars donated daily towards new researches. In addition, those who study military history have to sometimes come to terms with poor hospitality and hostility from their subjects. In Dougherty’s (2005, p. 1) interview of historian and free-lance writer Robert Kaplan on his military research book Imperial Grunts: The American Military on the Ground, Kaplan reveals that he had to trail soldiers through inhospitable and volatile areas just to get an interview from them. In his studies, he visited Yemen, Iraq, Ethiopia and Philippines- who at the time of the interviews were quite unwelcoming thus making it difficult for him to get substantial information. Dougherty (2005, p. 1) further exemplifies these acrid conditions by saying that in order for Kaplan to get valuable information from the soldiers, â€Å"He immerses himself in their world, spending weeks and months living with soldiers in their quarters, joining their missions, eating, drinking, sweating, freezing, and sometimes starving, side-by-side with them. † Adding on to the demerits, Kagan (2006) says that the complex nature of military language which involves â€Å"Unit sizes and nomenclature, acronyms and abbreviations, typologies of military activity† may sometimes prove too multifarious and confusing to normal students (those without professional military knowledge). Dougherty (2005, p. 3-6) gets Kaplan to talk about the complex language that existed between the military sergeants, generals and commanders in their communication. In some cases, it was even a must for the military officials to know and communicate in other foreign languages. At such points, some meanings maybe distorted to those recording as well as those studying the history based on the various communication syntaxes and rules that govern different regions. Lastly, the proliferation in ways of solving disputes has lessened the use of military personnel by most countries. As of today, most disputes are solved through dialogues, courts and round-table negotiations by world superpowers. In effect, the study of military is only done by a few people who rarely dig deep into these annals of history. The many fundamental functions that military history provides are therefore slowly being corroded away by the ever increasing modern forms of conflict resolution. In conclusion, it is noteworthy to say that military history plays an important role in preparing soldiers for wars. It may not necessarily empower them but it offers them insights on how their opponents fight, their strengths, weaknesses, previously successful combat methods, what they should avoid among other vital details which are invaluable before going to war. On the other hand, military history should be used sparingly so as to avoid complacency by soldiers based on overconfidence. Aptly put in the words of Henry Kissinger (1978); â€Å"History is not, of course, a cookbook offering pretested recipes. It teaches by analogy, not maxims. It can illuminate the consequences of actions in comparable situations, yet each generation must discover for itself what situations are in fact comparable. † References Bates, D. (1987). T The long shadow of little rock. Fayetteville. P. 1 – 5, 43 – 76, 82 – 106. [64 pages] Chiarelli, P. W. , & Michaelis, P. R. (July-August, 2005). Winning the peace: The requirement for full-spectrum operations. Military Review, p. 1 – 17. Dougherty, E. (2005). Warriors for Good: Interview with Robert Kaplan. Atlantic Unbound. Gabel, C. R. (1985). Seek, strike, and destroy: U. S. army tank destroyer doctrine in World War II. Hanson, V. D. (2007). Why study war? CITY journal. Retrieved May 18, 2010, from http://www. city-journal.org/html/17_3_military_history. html Kagan, F. W. (2006). Why military history matters. AEI Online. Retrieved May 18, 2010, from http://www. aei. org/outlook/24600 Kaplan, R. (October, 2005). Imperial Grunts: With the army special forces in the Philippines and Afghanistan—laboratories of counterinsurgency. The Atlantic Monthly, p. 84 – 93. Lupfer, T. T. (1981). The dynamics of doctrine: the change in German tactical doctrine during the First World War. Murray, W. , & Sinnreich R. H. (2006). The past as prologue: the importance of history to the military profession. Google Books. p. 32. Presher, F. (1999). Private Frederick Presher describes the U. S. Army’s abuse of noncombatants in a Filipino village, 1901. Major Problems in American Military History. p. 230 – 231. RAF, P. W. G. (2005). XII. Why Study Military History? Defence Studies, 5(1), p. 151-164. Retrieved May 18, 2010, from http://dx. doi. org/10. 1080/14702430500097408 Sledge, E. B. (1981) With the Old Breed: At Peleliu and Okinawa. P. 55 – 10.

Friday, November 8, 2019

The Worlds First Artificial Satellite

The World's First Artificial Satellite On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union stunned everyone by launching the worlds first artificial satellite,  Sputnik 1.  It was an event that galvanized the world and spurred the fledgling U.S. space effort into high gear. No one who was alive at that time can forget the electricity of the moment when humans first lofted a satellite into orbit. The fact that it was the U.S.S.R. beating the U.S. to orbit was even more shocking, especially to Americans. Sputnik by the Numbers The name Sputnik comes from a Russian word for traveling companion of the world. It was a smallish metal ball that weighed just 83 kg (184 lbs.) and was lofted into space by an R7 rocket. The tiny satellite carried a thermometer and two radio transmitters and was part of the Soviet Unions work during the International Geophysical Year. While its goal was partly scientific, the launch and deployment into orbit had heavy political significance and signaled the countrys ambitions in space.   Sputnik 1 Assembly. Asif A. Siddiq / NASA Sputnik circled Earth once every 96.2 minutes and transmitted atmospheric information by radio for 21 days. Just 57 days after its launch, Sputnik was destroyed while reentering the atmosphere but signaled a whole new era of exploration. Almost immediately, other satellites were built and an era of satellite exploration began at the same time that the U.S. and U.S.S.R. began making plans to send people to space. Setting the Stage for the Space Age To understand why Sputnik 1 was such a surprise, its important to look at what was going on at the time, to take a good look back to the late 1950s. At that time, the world was poised on the brink of space exploration. The development of rocket technology was actually aimed at space but was diverted to wartime use. After World War II, the United States and the  Soviet Union (now Russia) were rivals both militarily and culturally. Scientists on both sides were developing bigger, more powerful rockets to take payloads to space. Both countries wanted to be the first to explore the high frontier. It was just a matter of time before it happened. What the world needed was a scientific and technical push to get there. Space Science Enters the Main Stage Scientifically, the year 1957 was established as the International Geophysical Year (IGY), a time when scientists would use new methods to study Earth, its atmosphere, and magnetic field. It was timed to coincide with the 11-year sunspot cycle. Astronomers were also planning to observe the Sun and its influence on Earth throughout that time, particularly on communications and in the newly emerging discipline of solar physics.   The U.S. National Academy of Sciences created a committee to oversee U.S. IGY projects. These included investigations of what we now call space weather caused by solar activity, such as auroral storms and other aspects of the upper ionosphere. They also wanted to study other phenomena such as airglows, cosmic rays, geomagnetism, glaciology, gravity, make determinations of longitude and latitude and planned to conduct tests in meteorology, oceanography, and seismology. As part of this, the U.S. had a plan to launch the first artificial satellite, and its planners were hoping to be the first ones to send something into space. Such satellites were not a new idea.  In October 1954, scientists called for the first ones to be launched during IGY to map Earths surface. The White House agreed that this might be a good idea, and announced plans to launch an Earth-orbiting satellite to take measurements of the upper atmosphere and the effects of the solar wind. Officials solicited proposals from various government research agencies to undertake the development of such a mission. In September 1955, the Naval Research Laboratorys Vanguard proposal was chosen. Teams began building and testing missiles. However, before the United States could launch its first rockets to space, the Soviet Union beat everyone to the punch. The U.S. Responds The beeping signal from Sputnik not only reminded everyone of Russian superiority, but it also galvanized public opinion in the U.S. The political backlash over the Soviets beating Americans to space led to some interesting and long-reaching results. The U.S. Defense Department immediately began providing funding for another U.S. satellite project. At the same time, Wernher von Braun and his Army Redstone Arsenal team began work on the Explorer project, which was launched to orbit on January 31, 1958. Very quickly, the Moon was announced as a major target, which set in motion planning for a series of missions.   Dr. Wernher von Braun was part of the U.S. space effort at the time of the Sputnik launch, working to build rockets to take U.S. satellites and astronauts such as L. Gordon Cooper (right) to space.   NASA The Sputnik launch also led directly to the creation of National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to carry on a civilian space effort (rather than militarizing the activity). In July 1958, Congress passed the National Aeronautics and Space Act (commonly called the Space Act). That act created NASA on October 1, 1958, uniting the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and other government agencies to form a new agency aimed at putting the U.S. squarely in the space business.   Models of  Sputnik commemorating this daring mission are scattered around the world. One hangs at the United Nations building in New York City, while another is in a place of honor at the Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C. The World Museum in Liverpool, England has one, as does the Kansas Cosmosphere and Space Center in Hutchinson and the California Science Center in L.A.. The Russian Embassy in Madrid, Spain, also has a Sputnik model. They remain gleaming reminders of the earliest days of the Space Age at a time when science and technology were coming together to create a new era of exploration.   Edited and revised by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Meitnerium Facts - Mt or Element 109

Meitnerium Facts - Mt or Element 109 Meitnerium (Mt) is element 109 on the periodic table. Its one of the few elements that suffered no dispute concerning its discovery or name. Here is a collection of interesting Mt facts, including the elements history, properties, uses, and atomic data. Interesting Meitnerium Element Facts Meitnerium is a solid, radioactive metal at room temperature. Very little is known about its physical and chemical properties, but based on trends in the periodic table, it is believed to behave as a transition metal, like the other actinide elements. Meitnerium is expected to possess properties similar to its lighter homologous element, iridium.Meitnerium is a man-made element that does not occur in nature. It was first synthesized by a German research team led by Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Munzenberg in 1982 at the Institute for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt. A single atom of the isotope meitnerium-266 was observed from bombardment of a bismuth-209 target with accelerated iron-58 nuclei. Not only did this process create a new element, but it was the first successful demonstration of the use of fusion to synthesize heavy, new atomic nuclei.Placeholder names for the element, before its formal discovery, included eka-iridium and unnilennium (symbol Une). However, most people sim ply referred to it as element 109. The only name proposed for the discovered element was meitnerium (Mt), in honor of Austrian physicist Lise Meitner, who was one of the discoverers of nuclear fission and the co-discoverer of the element protactinium (together with Otto Hahn). The name was recommended to the IUPAC in 1994 and formally adopted in 1997. Meitnerium and curium are the only elements named for non-mythological women (although Curium is named in honor of both Pierre and Marie Curie). Meitnerium Atomic Data Symbol: Mt Atomic Number: 109 Atomic Mass: [278] Group: d-block of Group 9 (Transition Metals) Period: Period 7 (Actinides) Electron Configuration:Â  [Rn] 5f146d77s2Â   Melting Point: unknown Boiling Point: unknown Density:Â  The density of Mt metal is calculated to be 37.4 g/cm3 at room temperature. This would give the element the second-highest density of the known elements, after neighboring element hassium, which has a predicted density of 41 g/cm3. Oxidation States: predicted to be 9. 8. 6. 4. 3. 1 with the 3 state as the most stable in aqueous solution Magnetic Ordering: predicted to be paramagnetic Crystal Structure: predicted to be face-centered cubic Discovered: 1982 Isotopes: There are 15 isotopes of meitnerium, which are all radioactive. Eight isotopes have known half-lives with mass numbers ranging from 266 to 279. The most stable isotope is meitnerium-278, which has a half-life of approximately 8 seconds. Mt-237 decays into bohrium-274 via alpha decay. The heavier isotopes are more stable than the lighter ones. Most meitnerium isotopes undergo alpha decay, although a few undergo spontaneous fission into lighter nuclei. Sources of Meitnerium: Meitnerium may be produced either by fusion two atomic nuclei together or via the decay of heavier elements. Uses of Meitnerium: Meitneriums primary use is for scientific research, since only minute amounts of this element have ever been produced. The element plays no biological role and is expected to be toxic due to its inherent radioactivity. Its chemical properties are expected to be similar to noble metals, so if enough of the element is ever produced, it might be relatively safe to handle.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Exam questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Exam questions - Essay Example First and foremost, the first question pertaining to the visual material provided is how we can make sure that the human rights laws are adhered to by the public? On that note, the answer to this question should be comprehensively elaborated. Secondly, what are the measures that have been put in place by the government to safe guard the vulnerable groups from human rights violation? Evidently, this question has been discreetly covered in the video and the lecture material provided. Finally, which are some of the organizations that have played a big role in the upholding of human rights laws? On the same point, the answer to this question is brief and is clearly covered in the video. In summation, it is clear that human rights violation are a major setback towards attaining universal development. To this end, the government has played a big role in trying to avert this looming crisis by creating the necessary legislation. ï‚ · Human rights Day. (n.d.). human rights. Retrieved February 13, 2014, from

Friday, November 1, 2019

Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) and Customer Satisfaction Research Paper

Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) and Customer Satisfaction strategy - Research Paper Example The linkage of both the concepts is very important and will be depicted in the essay. Introduction to Integrated Marketing Communications and Customer Satisfaction Strategies One of the main concepts related to the success of the advertisements or operations of any company is its integrated marketing communication strategy. IMC is a marketing terminology used in reference to the combination and collaboration of almost all the existing tools of market communication and all its activities, and aspects in the company into forming a flawless program (Terry, 1997). This helps the organization maximize the influence of its strategies and operations on its customers and other stakeholders of the business at lowest possible cost. Thus, the IMC strategy is a process of integrated marketing communications (IMC) is a process for managing customer relationships that drive brand value primarily through communication efforts. Such efforts often include cross-functional processes that create and no urish profitable relationships with customers and other stakeholders by strategically controlling or influencing all messages sent to these groups and encouraging data-driven, purposeful dialog with them. IMC includes the coordination and integration of all marketing communication tools, avenues, and sources within a company into a seamless program in order to maximize the impact the end users at a minimal cost. This integration affects all firms’ business-to-business, marketing channel, customer-focused, and internally directed communication (Bob, 1998). Tesco Plc is one of the leading food retailers based in UK which operates with more than 3000 stores all around the world. The branches of the food retailers are function in most of the parts of Europe and Asia. A wholly-owned subsidiary, Tesco Plc., offers to its customers a wide range of all the financial, personal and other services. The company has been leading the other big organizations in the field of retailing and st ands successful throughout. 1. Discuss the company’s advertising strategy and how it aligns with its marketing goals. The major reason for the success of Tesco as a product and service-provider is its successful advertising and customer relationship strategy. Found in 1924, the company was the pioneer of some small ‘revolutions’ which led to the rise in the revenues of the company and was responsible for its sustenance. The expansion strategies applied by the company give it success as the profit margins have shifted higher making the company a strong base for the retailing (Remley, 1996). The marketing strategy of Tesco is the subset of its customer loyalty, lower prices and the successful ploughing back of profits in order to assist its marketing strategies. Making the mass advertising its backbone, Tesco Plc., introduced new adverts for every product item launched and the lower prices were the main element that kept customers glued to its product. Moreover, it s adverts have always been convincing, good conveyor of the message content and able to keep the emotional touch which creates the customer’s interest in its products and forced them to make the purchases. 3. Discuss the promotional strategies that may be used in addition to advertising. The main element of Tesco’s promotional strategies was the low- prices but the finest brand offered to the customers with superior value.