Essential Oils for Muscle Discomfort and Inflammation Relief

Basic Oils for Muscle Discomfort and Inflammation Relief Regardless of whether from exhaust or under use, a considerable lot of us have needed to manage muscle throbs and inconveniences at some point. While there are a few cures accessible to mitigate muscle distress, both common and pharmaceutical, basic oils have their own job in alleviating the irritated muscles and offering help. The most famous basic oils that are commonly used to alleviate muscle distress incorporate wintergreen, cinnamon, marjoram, cypress and basil. All things considered, here are the absolute best basic oils you can use for muscle relief from discomfort: Basil Basil can be applied straightforwardly as a back rub oil to lessen expanding in the muscles. It fills in as a decongestant, disinfectant, muscle relaxant, calming, hostile to bacterial, antiviral and antispasmodic. People with epilepsy, kids, and pregnant females must abstain from utilizing basil. It might in like manner be a skin aggravation. Basil can either be ingested in weakened structures or utilized in a diffuser. Marjoram Marjoram fundamental oil can be useful for bronchitis, cerebral pain, asthma, challenging hack or any inconsistency in muscles. With the correct information on its utilization, Marjoram fits for both oral utilization and topical application with no realized symptoms included. Tea Tree There are relatively few reactions engaged with the utilization of tea tree oil; be that as it may, a little alert must be followed when utilizing this oil on kids younger than 6. Likewise, I have discovered individuals utilizing tea tree oil to have a higher powerlessness to contact sharpening. Neroli Neroli is quieting, unwinding, advances fearlessness, exotic nature, genuine feelings of serenity, and inspiration. At the point when utilized appropriately, there are no known symptoms to utilizing the oil. Neroli can be applied topically as a scent, or utilized in diffused structure. Spearmint Spearmint basic oil can do some amazing things for those experiencing muscle torment and aggravation. There are no known unfriendly impacts to utilizing this oil; be that as it may, skin bothering is one of the negative results when this oil id utilized for long. This oil can be taken orally, utilized remotely or in a diffuser. Helichrysum Helichrysum is valuable for decreasing the irritation of the muscles, skin break out and cerebral pains. What's more, this oil advances the recuperating of wounds or consumes, detoxifies the body and lifts the insusceptible framework, turns around the indications of maturing, and battles the parasitic diseases. There are no known unfriendly impacts to utilizing this basic oil, yet ingesting it orally can be poisonous. Helichrysum can be utilized both topically and in a diffuser. Peppermint Peppermint basic oil is exceptionally unwinding for those experiencing muscle torment and irritation. While there are no known adverse impacts to utilizing peppermint oil, I have seen a few people announcing issues like gentle skin disturbance. It very well may be taken inside, topically, or utilized in a diffuser. Wintergreen Wintergreen basic oil can be gainful for little muscle a throbbing painfulness, issues of the kidney, nerve torment, joint pain, pulsating joints and menstrual agony. This oil is dangerous when ingested orally, and can trigger ringing in the ears, absent mindedness, tummy torment, cerebral pain, regurgitating and sickness, if not utilized fittingly. It tends to be applied topically to the skin or utilized in a diffuser. Clary Sage Clary Sage fundamental oil can be useful for irritation of the muscles when applied to the skin. There are no perceived negative impacts to utilizing clary sage, when taken in perfect sums. It tends to be taken orally (it goes about as a flavor for food) or utilized topically. Chamomile Chamomile fundamental oil helps in rest and has mitigating and loosening up properties that help to bring down pressure and uneasiness. Conceivable unfavorable impacts can incorporate contact dermatitis, hypersensitivity and other outrageous excessive touchiness responses. You can diffuse it or rub 2 drops of this oil on the sanctuaries or back of the neck, either before heading to sleep or when managing a troublesome circumstance. Cinnamon Cinnamon basic oil can balance out glucose, decrease aggravation, and fight the disease. There are no known side outcomes to utilizing cinnamon; in any case, it might be a skin aggravation and may bother the nasal entries if not watered down. Cypress Cypress basic oil decreases torment in the muscles including muscle weakness and fits. What's more, this fundamental oil helps in mitigating throbbing muscles after an arduous exercise meeting. At the point when utilized topically, it effectively infiltrates the skin and blends in with the blood in no time, activating quick unwinding and help with discomfort. Normal muscle sicknesses and the fundamental oils you can use for them General Muscle Discomfort The best fundamental oils to use for general muscle inconvenience are Marjoram and Pepper mint followed by wintergreen, white fir, vetiver, Spanish wise, silver fir, rosemary, Lemongrass, lavender, Ginger, Cypress, Birch, Basil and Balsam fir. Muscle throbs On the off chance that you are pounding because of muscle torment or have fibromyalgia or connective tissue distress, the accompanying basic oils are generally useful: Peppermint, Oregano, Marjoram, Clove and Birch. Other than these basic oils, I have discovered Wintergreen, White Fir, Thyme, Rosemary, Chamomile, Lavender and Helichrysum to be very helpful. Cardiovascular Muscle torment Truly, your heart is a muscle. Marjoram and Lavender work best for such muscle issues, trailed by Rosemary, peppermint and Cinnamon. You can utilize these oils topically or in a diffuser for fragrant use. Ligament Injury Birch, Marjoram, and Wintergreen are best for this sort of injury. Lemongrass and Peppermint are in like manner helpful. Absence of vitality in muscles To stimulate the muscles before an exercise, use Rosemary. It warms the muscles and causes them to extend for ideal proficiency. Muscle Cramps Regularly incited by weight or absence of blood course, leg and foot issues can frequently be forestalled by staying hydrated. Lemongrass, Marjoram, and Peppermint are the best oils for alleviation, trailed by Vetiver, Rosemary, Chamomile, Lavender, Grapefruit, Cypress, Clary Sage and Basil. Muscle Fatigue Rundown of basic oils that I can unhesitatingly suggest for muscle exhaustion incorporates White Fir, Peppermint, Marjoram and Cypress. Other than that, Thyme, Rosemary, Grapefruit and Eucaluptus have likewise demonstrated very great outcomes with my patients. Muscle Spasms While fits are not normally anguishing, they can be facilitated with the utilization of Basil, Chamomile and Marjoram. Peppermint, Lavender, Cypress and Clary Sage can in like manner help. Muscle Sprains Worry in the tendon can be treated with White Fir, marjoram and Lemongrass. Other basic oils that may be useful are Vetiver, Thyme, Rosemary, Lavender, Helichrysum, Ginger, Eucalyptus and Clove. Tendinitis Marjoram and Lavender are the best basic oils you can use for expanding of the ligament. Muscle pressure Regardless of whether caused because of physical pressure, or passionate tension, Marjoram is your best decision for muscle pressure. Helichrysum, Lavender, Peppermint, and Roman Chamomile are likewise valuable. Set up your own basic oil Blends For a muscle pull, mix 3 drops of Roman Chamomile and 2drops of sweet food grade Marjoram together. Apply this mix by means of cold pack. For solid torment, join 3 drops of Roman Chamomile with 3 drops of Lavender. Apply this mix utilizing cold pack. For growing in the muscles, utilize a virus pack of 3 drops of Peppermint and 3 drops of Yarrow. To discharge a muscle fit, blend 2 drops of Ginger, 3 drops of Cypress and 3 drops of Sweet Marjoram with 3 teaspoons of transporter oil of your decision. Apply this mix topically twice in a day. To alleviate delicate muscles, mix 3 drops of Lemongrass, 5 drops of Ginger, and 5 drops of Lavender with 5 teaspoons transporter oil of your decision. Apply this mix topically multiple times in a day. To loosen up close muscles, mix 4 drops of Lavender, 4 drops of Rosemary, and 2 drops of Ginger with 4 teaspoons of bearer oil. Utilize this mix topically multiple times in a day. So as to ease rheumatic torment, mix 3 drops of Lavender, 3 drops of Ginger, and 3 drops of Silver Fir in 5 teaspoons of bearer oil. Apply this mix over the affected regions multiple times in a day. So as to upgrade stream of blood to the squeezing muscles of the leg consolidate 3 drops of Ginger, 5 drops of Black Pepper, and 5 drops of Cinnamon in 5 teaspoons of bearer oil. Utilize this mix over regions where muscle cramps exist. For quite a long time, basic oils have been perceived for having restorative properties. Antiquated societies practiced the specialty of making basic oils for remembering muscle torment by first splashing the leaves, branches, bark and blossoms of plants in oil for term of time and afterward utilizing cloths to purify, isolated and channel the oils in a concentrated structure. Continuously recollect that muscles need potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, glucose and adequate measures of water to work. In this way, I would suggest that you don't ignore something that is the fundamental necessity for your muscles to work ideally.

Religion And Morality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Religion And Morality - Essay Example (Koterski, 2002) In this way morals likewise discusses the temperances that individuals do. Ethics and qualities imply that an individual ought to be at his best when he is managing individuals and in that viewpoint he should be prepared to excuse others for their missteps, occurrences of flaws and blunders since he himself can be forced to bear someone’s pardoning eventually in his life. (George, 2006) He should expect virtuosity from others on the off chance that he has been thoughtful to the entire mankind that has been around him. It is a great instance of compassion where an individual places his feet in somebody else’s shoes. He should comprehend that generous can demonstrate into a drawn out relationship and security with the culpable individual since this individual will take in the positives from the slip-ups that he has done and would likewise concur on being benevolent and minding with the person who has acquitted him for his foul up. Profound quality is reported in various manners. The as a matter of first importance way is inside the presentation of one’s obligations towards own self. At that point he must be answerable for his activities and contemplations towards individuals he owes something of significant worth. These could incorporate his close relatives, his better half and kids, etc. Ethical quality is likewise considered responsible as far as execution of obligations. This implies the people who work in workplaces need to stay accountable for the exercises that they complete and subsequently make their own remaining inside the workplace place. At the point when they are dependable and complete obligations as per their individual occupation center, at that point they are hailed by one and all. Else they are looked downward on as individuals hailing from a truly flippant parcel †a reality that is showed in the advanced office place almost everywhere throughout the globe. Profound quality needs to originate from inside. (Peach, 2002) People can be propelled to be ethically capable however on the other hand it is one’s own undertaking to act in a responsive way and make

What Are Good Topics to Write About For an Argumentative Essay?

What Are Good Topics to Write About For an Argumentative Essay?When writing an argumentative essay, it is important to choose good topics to write about for an argumentative essay. Topics are the information you choose to write about that will help develop your thesis. This is one of the most important parts of your argumentative essay because it has the potential to persuade others to agree with you. You must choose topics that will support your argument.You may be thinking that writing a really interesting topic to write about for an argumentative essay may take a lot of time. Actually, if you think about it, this is not true because you can also write your essay in a matter of minutes. All you need is a few minutes of time and you are set.Writing a persuasive essay is not an easy task. If you want to be successful in writing an argumentative essay then you must learn how to develop topics to write about for an argumentative essay. You should not be intimidated by this idea because if you are able to properly write your persuasive essay then you will also be able to develop a topic to write about for an argumentative essay.One of the first things you need to consider when developing a topic to write about for an argumentative essay is what is your point of view. What is the main thrust of your argument? Why should others listen to you? Be sure that you have made your point of view known so that others will also know what to expect.After you have decided on your point of view, the next thing you need to do is to find topics to write about for a persuasive essay. If you want to have success with writing an argumentative essay then you will need to develop topics to write about for an argumentative essay. One way to do this is to look at current events that are of interest to you. Just make sure that you do not just focus on the present but rather focus on the past as well.Today, many people are involved in some form of volunteer work for example, attending reli gious services, or playing a particular sport. These are just a few examples of current events that you may want to include in your essay. You can even think about other issues that you want to discuss in your argumentative essay. As long as you can provide a good argument for why your topic is relevant to your argumentative essay, then you will succeed in writing a persuasive essay.Now that you have chosen a good topic to write about for an argumentative essay, it is time to research it. You may want to consider researching the topic on your own. Do not get discouraged if you are unable to find any information on the topic of your essay. You may want to hire someone to research the topic for you. This can also be a great way to start if you do not have the time to research a topic yourself.Whatever you decide to do, just make sure that you chose an interesting topic to write about for an argumentative essay. You do not want to use a boring topic that will not give you enough ammuni tion to convince other people to listen to you. Choose topics that are challenging but not too difficult. There are many topics to write about for an argumentative essay so make sure that you think of something that is interesting.

10 Writing Ideas Concerning Women

Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essay examples - 787 Words

1 A Dolls House nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A Dolls House represents a women’s marital life from many years ago. The central theme of this play is Nora’’s rebellion against society and everything that was expected of her. Nora shows this by breaking away from all the standards and expectations her husband and society had set up for her. Women were not considered of importance to their husbands and that made women feel like in a â€Å"dolls house†, such as with Nora and her husband Helmer. In her time women were not supposed to be independent. They were to support their husbands, take care of the children, cook, clean, and make everything perfect around the house. Nora had two main rebellions; her taking out the loan, and when she left†¦show more content†¦Torvald does not trust her with any money and with the little money that he does trust her with he is afraid that she will spend it on Macaroons, a candy that he has forbid her to eat. He calls her his â€Å"littl e squirrel†, and many other animal names in a way to degrade her. Nora’s second rebellion was when she left Torvald and her children. The society she lived in demanded that she should submit to her husband and that she should take a place under him. Society considered women to be property of their husbands and that they should fulfil their every command. When Krogstad tries to blackmail Nora, and Torvald did not even support her she realized that there was a problem. Then finally when Torvald realizes that his social stature will not be harmed he displays his real feeling for Nora, both physically and emotionally. It is at this time when Nora decides that she does not want to be controlled by Torvald anymore and she told him that she was going to leave him. By leaving Torvald she is not only shutting him out but also forgetting everything in her past. When Torvald tries to reconcile with her she explains that all her life she was treated like a child. How she never got to make any decisions on her own. Then she explains to him how she wants to grow into a responsible mature woman. She describes herself as a â€Å"Responsible human being† and wants toShow MoreRelatedEssay on Henrik Isbens A Dolls House1015 Words   |  5 Pages Independence nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Most of us live a life where we do what we want and when we want without anyone telling us how to live our lives. This wasn’t the case in A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen, where he illustrates to us how one woman lives a life through her father and husband. Throughout the play we see how a once childish like woman gains her independence and a life of her own. Ibsen shows us a very realistic play that demonstrates how on the outside Nora and Torvald seem toRead More Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essay1126 Words   |  5 Pages Henrik Ibsen’s play A Doll House examines a woman’s struggle for independence in her marriage and social world. Through the use of character change, Ibsen conveys his theme that by breaking away from all social expectations, we can be true to ourselves. When Ibsen presents Nora Helmer, we see a â€Å"perfect† wife, who lives in a â€Å"perfect† house with a â€Å"perfect† husband and chil dren. The Helmer children have a nanny that raises them. By having the nanny, Nora has the freedom to come and go as sheRead More Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essay1246 Words   |  5 Pages Nora is a captivating character in Ibsens A Dolls House. She swings between extremes: she is either very happy or immensely depressed, prosperous or completely desperate, wise or naive, impotent or purposeful. You can understand this range in Nora, because she staggers between the person she pretends to be and the one she someday hopes to become. Throughout the play, Nora is portrayed as subordinate to her male counterpart, Torvald. As most other men during this time, Torvald believed that womenRead More Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essay739 Words   |  3 Pages A Dolls House By Henrik Ibsen Dramatic Critique The P’s Person: Nora, Torvald Helmer’s wife, and mother of Ivar, Bob, and Emmy. Peculiar trait: On the surface Nora’s peculiar trait seems to be her obsession for money. Her internal peculiar trait is that she desires to become significant to her husband. She spends money on material objects to decorate their home and dress up the family. The impression of the home appears perfect, like a doll’s house. Passion: Nora’s passion isRead MoreEssay on Henrik Isbens A Dolls House1485 Words   |  6 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A Doll’s House, a play by Henrik Ibsen, tells the story of Nora, the wife of Torvald Helmer, who is an adult living as a child, kept as a doll by her husband. She is expected to be content and happy living in the world Torvald has created for her. By studying the play and comparing and contrasting the versions presented in the video and the live performance, one can analyze the different aspects of it. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ibsen’s purpose for writing thisRead More Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesIbsens A Dolls House In Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House†, in Act Two Scene 6, Nora’s deceptive behaviour and desperation reaches its climax due to the arrival of the letter. This is because the letter contains the means she used to get hold of the money. During the time when the play took place, society frowned upon women asserting themselves. Women were supposed to play the role in which they supported their husbands, took care of their children and made sure that everything around the house was perfectRead More Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essays733 Words   |  3 Pages In many literary works, there are characters in which portray both similarities and differences. In the Play A Dolls House, by Henrik Ibsen, two of the characters have many oppositions and congruencies. These characters go by the names of Nora Helmer and Mrs. Linde. Ibsen characterizes these women by describing their comparable and contrasting personalities. He does this by describing their financial situations as well as their family lives. He describes these women, as opposites while in factRead More Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essay1014 Words   |  5 Pages Henrik Ibsenamp;#8217;s A Dollamp;#8217;s House, considers a very delicate situation experienced by a Scandinavian family in 1879. Nora Helmer, the main character and adored wife of Torvald faces a life-altering dilemma. She has to decide whether to remain with her obsessive husband in his sheltered home, playing the part of a doll, or take the initiative to leave and seek out her own individuality. There are three minor characters that have a significant impact on the final decision that NoraRead More Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essay907 Words   |  4 Pages A Doll’s House nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In past history, society has been both very prejudiced and traditional with its view of gender roles. Often times a woman would not have had the same right to something as a man did. Many women however went against the law and tradition to do what they thought was right. In Henrik Ibsen’s play, A Doll’s House, Nora does something that is unimaginable during the time period. Nora’s husband Torvald believes he is the man of the house and that his wifeRead More Henrik Isbens A Dolls House Essay1195 Words   |  5 Pageshusband, he becomes understandably agitated; in his frustration he shares the outside world with her, the ignorance of the serious business world, and destroys her innocence and self-esteem. This disillusion marks the final destructive blow to her dolls house. Their ideal home including their marriage and parenting has been a fabrication for the sake of society. Noras decision to leave this false life behind and discover for herself what is real is directly symbolic of womans ultimate realization

Attempts to Mends the Nation During the Reconstruction Era

Historians are right to call Reconstruction one of the â€Å"darkest† times in American history. Nobody was sure of anything. After the Union victory over the Confederacy, politicians were tasked with trying to mend a nation divided down the middle. It was a time of many questions (Independence Hall Association in Philadelphia, 2008). Questions ranging from: What would be the conditions of readmitting the Confederate States back into the Union? Who would be tasked with creating the terms, Congress or the President? What was to become of the Confederate leaders? What labor system would be replacing slavery? What would former slaves social status be (Independence Hall Association in Philadelphia, 2008)? In the end, three different plans†¦show more content†¦The Wade Davis bill demanded that fifty percent of a Confederate states male voter population take the â€Å"ironclad† oath before reentering the Union. However, President Lincoln used his pocket veto to keep the Wade-Davis Bill from ever becoming a law. By the end of the Civil War President Lincoln’s plan for reconstruction was ultimately a bust. States like Louisiana, Arkansas, Tennessee, and Virginia followed President Lincoln’s plan for readmission to the Union, but Congress refused to seat the Senators and Representatives elected from those states. President Lincolns assassination followed shortly after and his plan for reconstruction died along with him (HighBeam Research, LLC, 2005). After President Lincoln’s assassination his Vice President Andrew Johnson became the new President and began his own version of reconstruction. Although it was common knowledge at the time President Johnson did not like southern planter elites, he was surprisingly lenient towards them. He even blocked radicals in Congress attempts to pass punitive legislation on the Confederate states (ushistory.org, 2008). Just as his predecessor, President Johnson’s main reconstruction goal was to get the Confederate states back into the Union as fast as possible. To help speed up this process President Johnson returned property confiscated by the Union’s army to southerners. He issued pardons to bothShow MoreRelatedThe Legacy Of The Great Depression3599 Words   |  15 PagesThe election of 1932 focused primarily on the Great Depression, the recent economic crisis that had swallowed the nation. At this time, thirteen million people were unemployed and 774 banks were shutting down annually. Economically unstable, Americans turned to Franklin Delano Roosevelt who claimed, â€Å"better days were ahead† with his New Deal reformation. He promised economic â€Å"recovery, job creation, investment in public works, and civic uplift† (Harvey 88). Immediately upon entering the white houseRead MoreA Comparison Between Booker T. Washington (19th century) and Martin Luther King Jr. (2 0th century)5383 Words   |  22 Pageskeynote speaker at the March on Washington, youngest Nobel Peace Prize laureate. But in retrospect, single events are less important than the fact that King, and his policy of nonviolent protest, was the dominant force in the civil rights movement during its decade of greatest achievement, from 1957 to 1968. II.BOOKER T. WASHINGTON A. HISTORY Booker T. Washington was born a slave in Hales Ford, Virginia, reportedly on April 5, 1856. After emancipation, his family was so poverty stricken that heRead MorePerformance of Development Financial Institutions in India4877 Words   |  20 PagesLevel Industrial Development Banks Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI) Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFCI) Industrial Credit and Investment Corpn. of India (ICICI) Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) Industrial Reconstruction Bank of India (IRBI) Shipping Credit and Investment Company of India (SCICI) Specialised Financial Institutions Technology Development Information Company of India Limited (TDICI) Risk Capital Technology Finance Corporation Limited (RCTC)Read MoreEssay on The Glory and The Dream9497 Words   |  38 PagesRugged Individualism? a. Rugged Individualism was when someone was called upon for advice, he or she â€Å"was impelled by the conventional wisdom to offer proposals designed to make things worse.† (pg. 21) Chapter 1 1. What businesses flourished during the Great Depression? Why? a. Radio production businesses and radio stations flourished because it was cheap entertainment, in which people could listen to whenever they were. Advertising flourished too because they would act as the Depression was

Professional Skills For Information And Communication Technology- Arti

Question: Discuss about the Professional Skills For Information And Communication Technology- Artificial Intelligence In Healthcare. Answer: Introduction Artificial intelligence defines the usage of the computer system that able the performance of the tasks that are generally needs Human Intelligence. Human intelligence includes functionalities like visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making and languages translation. Artificial intelligence may stimulate the human decision-making process. AI relies over human training and does not replace human intelligence (Karam 2014). The report is based on the project preparing an investigation on the requirement of the selected Healthcare organization Australian Medical Association on the aspect of developing its IT infrastructure. Thus, usage of AI increases the feasibility of expansion in business of this healthcare organization within the next five year. The Secretary General (CEO) of the software organization thus may conduct preliminary research and present. The CEO has the responsibility of daily basis management of the organization and report accordingly. The Australian Medica l Association (AMA) represents the most influenced organizational partnership for the registered medical practitioners as well as medical students of Australia (Zang et al. 2015). AMA helps the patients by improving the care by supporting the medical professions by huge options of services. But this services is provided keeping in mind the AMA Code of Ethics that represents the core of fundamental principles. The objective of this report is to identify the advances in intelligent computing or AI impact over healthcare organizations by providing retails, transport, financial services, operating equipments and many other things. Comparing the technological approaches used in Artificial Intelligence and thus addressing the issues relating to the development of AI in Healthcare. To conduct the investigation, primary and secondary approach has been used and thus how the information has been gathered. The report has been divided into two parts, in the first part general discussion of Artificial intelligence, revolution and implementation of AI oriented development has been proposed by some conversational idea for the betterment of organization. And in the second part critical analysis of the proposed advancement of AI in the organization is displayed. Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence as stated by John McCarthy, The science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs, refers the possibility of turning a software think intelligently equivalent to human thinking (Acampora et al. 2013). The main aim of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is to create systems that can exhibit similar human behavior and meet decision-making advancement. The use of algorithms that find patterns in data without explicit instruction. A system might learn how to associate features of inputs such as images with outputs such as labels. Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare As in the above discussion it has been clarified that AI the use of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally requires human intelligence like visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making and translation between languages (Ashrafian, Darzi and Athanasiou 2015). However, Artificial Intelligence helps in simulation of human decision-making but relies over training of the human intelligence. Other than structured data, numbers, facts AI is programmed to understand the natural language as well. Thus, AI technology is trained to make some logical decisions over time (Wong and Bressler 2016). Artificial intelligence provides rapid advancement technology in Healthcare and provides a lot more rich and relevant information to the customers and HCPs with on-demanding confidence to medical and clinical assessments. Artificial Intelligence has greatly advanced in the past few years especially in the healthcare professional (HCP) and patient communications (Jha and Topol 2016 ). Availability of Artificial Intelligence has grown to an extent that it not only helps in curing the disease but also supports personality profiles beyond the diseases. AI is taking a huge impact in advancing the management of all kind of organization especially Healthcare organizations. A software company attempts to solve the diverse healthcare challenge in Australian Medical Association (AMA) for the improvement of diagnosis outcome engaging the medical research (Ziuzia?ski, Furmankiewicz and So?tysik-Piorunkiewicz 2014). The healthcare organization in Australia is emerging toward the development of the markets. AI is spreading a huge opportunity for optimization care delivery, outcomes and costs by utilizing cognitive computing. Revolution of Artificial Intelligence In last 5 years, there has been a huge impact of AI in this world. There has been a quantum leap in the quality and reliability of a wide range of the daily technological aspect. In healthcare organization there are several complex and vital activities that includes making of the medical diagnoses, predicting the machines that may fail to reach certain market value in the Healthcare organizations, includes a lot of data sets and non-linear relationship within the entities (Dilsizian and Siegel 2014). These complex prediction, feature specification and data optimization are promised to deliver by the modern Artificial Intelligence. In HCPs there are requirement of advance in image recognition. There are advanced image recognition that has been displayed far beyond expectation. There are availability of medical startups that can utilize X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans. These technologies are more rapidly used and displays accurate radiologists (Furmankiewicz, So?tysik-Piorunkiewicz and Ziuz ia?ski 2014). There are several types of AI applications that are beyond quantum-computing conundrum are generally called the Artificial Intelligence system(Bennett and Hauser 2013). These are merely known as the advanced machine learning software that has extensive behavioral algorithms, which can adapt any situation. These machine are improving their skills and thus are not only getting smarter in the existential sense (Russell 2015). These can carry large data sets such that to store enough information in large organizations. Some examples of AI that are used vigorously now-a-day are: Apple Siri, Alexa, Tesla, Pandora, Cogito, Boxever, Amazon.com and many more (Hengstler, Enkel and Duelli 2016). In Healthcare organization AI is generally used for the data storage, analyze complex medical data, diagnosis processes, treatment protocol development, drug development, personalized medicine and patient monitoring and care, among others and human behavioral algorithm. Cortana and Siri have enormous po wer system with AI capabilities (Luxton 2014). There is a great potential for the applications for providing huge value when combined with healthcare applications (Vasant 2015). Healthcare applications are used to patient education material, deliver medication alerts and human-like interactions to understand a patient's current mental state. In the form of a personal assistant can have an incredible impact on the application of AI for monitoring and assisting patients with some of the requirements in the unavailability of clinical personnel (Michie et al. 2017). Some of the outcomes relating to healthcare in different parts of the world that manages medical records and other data, participating in repetitive jobs like test, CT scan, treatment designing, digitalize consultation, Virtual nurses, Medication management and several other aspects of healthcare organizations (Helbing et al. 2017). AI Developments in Healthcare Industry The applications that are related to the better outcome of any health care industry represent the most important AI development that are necessarily to be implemented to the Healthcare Industry. AI capabilities and mobile apps, patients can receive feedback on a number of data elements captured on their phone or wearable devices. Whether it relates to medication adherence or is simply a motivational voice that encourages fitness activities and healthy habits, AI as a personal life coach creates a customized experience for each individual patient and offers proactive alerts, which could be sent back to physicians. Application of Artificial Intelligence Most of the organizations has been disrupted by the influx of several new technologies in the age of information (Kreps and Neuhauser 2013). In the case of automation, healthcare plays a similar role. In fact the machine learning Artificial Intelligence (AI) the doctors, hospitals, organizations, insurance companies also ties to impact in a more positive way. These companies also searches for a substantial way for the betterment of their associated organizations (Furmankiewicz, So?tysik-Piorunkiewicz and Ziuzia?ski 2014). Some of the commonly used applications that helps in the advancement in any health care organization having IT infrastructure: Treatment Design: AI system has been developed and implemented in analyzing the data, take note and report the details of patients, external researches of the organization, and many more. Thus, helps in selecting customized treatment for each individual. Virtual Nurses: Digitalized nurses are set up that helps in maintain the regular check up of the patients with monitoring the conditions and follow up with treatment within intervals. There are similar kind of management in healthcare organization like: Managing Medical, Records and Other Data, Doing Repetitive Jobs, Digital Consultation, Drug Creation, Medication Management, Health Monitoring, Precision Medicine and Healthcare System Analysis In the revolution of this Artificial Intelligence across science and economy, researchers are unleashing artificial intelligence (AI) more often. This is done in the form of neutral network over data torrent. In earlier days deep learning system had to be done for the programmers to expertise in the field of AI, no AI does not requires to be programmed with human experts knowledge. AI has growth so advanced within last few years that now they can learn on their own, and this has been made possible from collection of large training data sets. The pattern and spot anomalies in data sets could be understood only by AI and is hard for the human being to understand and cope up. Application Proposal in Australian Medical Association As per the recommendation by CEO to the healthcare organization of Australian Medical Association, there need three main application requirements: Healthcare System Analysis, Medication Management and Creation of drugs. Almost 97% of healthcare invoices are digital. An organization can use AI to check through the data for pin pointing the mistakes in treatments, inefficiency in workflow and helps healthcare system areas to avoid unnecessary patient hospitalizations (Bennett and Hauser 2013). In this way, a sample of the AI solution may offer to the healthcare organization of Australian Medical Association. The capabilities of automation and digital workforces the innovation will be pushed from providers solutions to save time, lower costs, and increase accuracy will be possible (Russell 2015). The AiCure application can be included in IT infrastructure to monitor the that could be used for medication by a patient can be utilized by the organization of healthcare in Australia (Russell 2015). A webcam is paired up with a smart phone having AI infrastructure to autonomously confirm that patients are taking their prescriptions and helps them manage their condition. Most common users could be people with serious medical conditions, patients who may tend to go against the advice of the doctors and other participants in clinical trials (Bennett and Hauser 2013). And the last one is by Creating drugs that are necessary for the organization. Developing pharmaceuticals through clinical trials, which can takes more time and cost a lot more. This may make the process of curing much faster and cheaper since customized medicines could change the aspect of the Healthcare organizations (Jones 2015). Potential Advantages and Disadvantages of the proposals Some of the potential advantages of the proposal is that Modern health information systems facilitates the improvements in many ways like Faster diagnoses, Fewer malpractice claims, Improved care coordination, Prompt treatment Reduced errors (Luxton 2014). The combination of benefits facilitates the collaboration within the providers and the patients that results in effective case managements in the organization and healthcare industry, which in turn, can reduce the cost and helps to take care of the providers by making some meaningful use of the massive amounts of data provided. Despite of the advantages there are several disadvantages as well the availability of evidence and confirms in improvement of population in health outcomes and equity. Making much accurate utilization of the services provided. Keeping user satisfaction in mind and lowering the costs in health systems with a stronger orientation in primary care. The experts range from lawyers to engineers, who gather to discuss current and emerging legal, social, and ethical issues from robotics and artificial intelligence. Day one consisted of six panels that focused on technical and theoretical issues with robots and AI. The five panel discussions on day two focused on the regulatory challenges, as well as some solutions. Proposed Strategy Ethical, Social and Legal Considerations With more powerful, technology becomes more difficult for it could be used for useful reasons and betterment for the future. This applies not only to robots produced to replace human soldiers, or autonomous weapons, but also to AI systems that can cause damage if used maliciously. Because these fights will not be fought on the battleground only, cyber security will become even more important. After all, people are dealing with a system that is faster and more capable than us by orders of magnitude (Bennett and Hauser 2013). Though artificial intelligence is capable of a speed and capacity of processing that is far beyond that of humans, it cannot always be trusted to be fair and neutral. (Norris 2017). Intelligence comes from learning, whether youre human or machine. Systems usually have a training phase in which they "learn" to detect the right patterns and act according to their input. Once a system is fully trained, it can then go into test phase, where it is hit with more examples and we see how it performs (Acampora et al. 2013). Artificially intelligent helps in making the human conversation and relationships better. Economic system are based on contribution to the economic compensation. The majority of companies are still dependent on hourly wages work when it comes to production and services. However, by using artificial intelligence, a company can drastically change and thus relying on the human workforce will make task easier meaning that the revenue will ultimately go to fewer people. Conclusion The outline of the project has the impact on the development of artificial intelligence (AI) systems by exploring the impact of Artificial Intelligence in Health care organization. As the selected organization is Australian Medical Association. Where there is a requirement a change in the IT infrastructure and include some AI equipments for the betterment of patients and development of the organization. Artificial intelligence has been designed and studied about computer program that reacts to a wide variety of situations very flexibly and intelligently. It has a growing influence over modern computers related technologies and thus assures most of the complicated tasks possible. The development of new hardware and techniques is fueling ongoing movements to build Artificial Intelligence that can understand and thinks in a cognitive way. However, the potential advantages of such systems are yet unknown to all, and equally unknown are the potential technological developing the intellige nt machinery. Exploring the basic impact of the AI system on society and proposing a plan keeping in mind the enhancement of ethical and professional role for the artificial intelligence developers. Spreading an emphasis over the interpersonal communication of the organization with its patients, employee and customers and thus spreading the impact awareness amongst all. There are many useful aspect of Artificial intelligence in most of the domains, and are still willing for constant growth in the IT oriented industries. The initial step is to program the automated reasoning in Artificial intelligence. Thus, doing this the Automated reasoning can compute and take some of the encoded knowledge as input and hence provide proper conclusion on the basis of knowledge as their output. Recommendation There are four simple steps to implementing Artificial Intelligence in clinical organizations: Remote patient monitoring, Connectivity, Training AI and Comprehensive business model Recommendation 1: The improvement of AI must be inclined towards more specific approach other than generic. Implementing AI in remote patient monitoring (RPM) systems is the first step. When medical-grade wearable devices can provide real-time, clinically accurate data they have the potential to improve health outcomes through coaching and feedback. Recommendation 2: The control over the applications of AI in the Healthcare organization must be robust and technically supportive. The two main considerations in maintaining constant connectivity are security and data offloading. Security concerns can be offset by instituting Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) and external networks. Data collection and aggregation are AIs greatest needs, but requires constant, secure connectivity Recommendation 3: The usage of AI in the industry must have properly trained staffs to control the AI according to the requirements. AI could help improve health outcomes through its ability to expediently aggregate, cross-reference, and learn from data to determine its correlation to patient objectives. To improve health outcomes, AIs advanced machine learning algorithms require significant training periods to analyze large datasets specific to chronic medical conditions. References Karam, A., 2014. Artificial Intelligence in Health Care. Zang, Y., Zhang, F., Di, C.A. and Zhu, D., 2015. Advances of flexible pressure sensors toward artificial intelligence and health care applications.Materials Horizons,2(2), pp.140-156. Acampora, G., Cook, D.J., Rashidi, P. and Vasilakos, A.V., 2013. A survey on ambient intelligence in healthcare.Proceedings of the IEEE,101(12), pp.2470-2494. Ashrafian, H., Darzi, A. and Athanasiou, T., 2015. A novel modification of the Turing test for artificial intelligence and robotics in healthcare.The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery,11(1), pp.38-43. Wong, T.Y. and Bressler, N.M., 2016. Artificial intelligence with deep learning technology looks into diabetic retinopathy screening.JAMA,316(22), pp.2366-2367. Jha, S. and Topol, E.J., 2016. Adapting to artificial intelligence: radiologists and pathologists as information specialists.JAMA,316(22), pp.2353-2354. Ziuzia?ski, P., Furmankiewicz, M. and So?tysik-Piorunkiewicz, A., 2014. E-health artificial intelligence system implementation: case study of knowledge management dashboard of epidemiological data in Poland.International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering,8, pp.164-171. Dilsizian, S.E. and Siegel, E.L., 2014. Artificial intelligence in medicine and cardiac imaging: harnessing big data and advanced computing to provide personalized medical diagnosis and treatment.Current cardiology reports,16(1), p.441. Furmankiewicz, M., So?tysik-Piorunkiewicz, A. and Ziuzia?ski, P., 2014. Artificial intelligence systems for knowledge management in e-health: the study of intelligent software agents.Latest Trends on Systems,2, pp.551-556. Bennett, C.C. and Hauser, K., 2013. Artificial intelligence framework for simulating clinical decision-making: A Markov decision process approach.Artificial intelligence in medicine,57(1), pp.9-19. Russell, S., 2015. Ethics of artificial intelligence.Nature,521(7553), pp.415-416. Luxton, D.D., 2014. Artificial intelligence in psychological practice: Current and future applications and implications.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,45(5), p.332. Hengstler, M., Enkel, E. and Duelli, S., 2016. Applied artificial intelligence and trustThe case of autonomous vehicles and medical assistance devices.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,105, pp.105-120. Vasant, P., 2015.Handbook of Research on Artificial Intelligence Techniques and Algorithms, 2 Volumes. Information Science Reference-Imprint of: IGI Publishing. Michie, S., Thomas, J., Johnston, M., Mac Aonghusa, P., Shawe-Taylor, J., Kelly, M.P., Deleris, L.A., Finnerty, A.N., Marques, M.M., Norris, E. and OMara-Eves, A., 2017. The Human Behaviour-Change Project: harnessing the power of artificial intelligence and machine learning for evidence synthesis and interpretation.Implementation Science,12(1), p.121. Helbing, D., Frey, B.S., Gigerenzer, G., Hafen, E., Hagner, M., Hofstetter, Y., van den Hoven, J., Zicari, R.V. and Zwitter, A., 2017. Will Democracy Survive Big Data and Artificial Intelligence.Scientific American. Feb,25. Furmankiewicz, M., So?tysik-Piorunkiewicz, A. and Ziuzia?ski, P., 2014. Artificial Intelligence and Multi-agent software for e-health Knowledge Management System.Informatyka Ekonomiczna,2, p.32. Kreps, G.L. and Neuhauser, L., 2013. Artificial intelligence and immediacy: designing health communication to personally engage consumers and providers.Patient education and counseling,92(2), pp.205-210. Oliveira, T., Novais, P. and Neves, J., 2014. Development and implementation of clinical guidelines: An artificial intelligence perspective.Artificial intelligence review,42(4), pp.999-1027. Jones, M.T., 2015.Artificial Intelligence: A Systems Approach: A Systems Approach. Jones Bartlett Learning. Bennett, C.C. and Hauser, K., 2013. Artificial intelligence framework for simulating clinical decision-making: A Markov decision process approach.Artificial intelligence in medicine,57(1), pp.9-19. Norris, D.J., 2017. Introduction to Artificial Intelligence. InBeginning Artificial Intelligence with the Raspberry Pi(pp. 1-15). Apress.

Stc Five Forces Model and Competitive Advantage Essay Example For Students

Stc Five Forces Model and Competitive Advantage Essay Rivalry Among Competitors In 2005 Saudi Arabia became a member of WTO and opened up the Saudi Telecommunications market to foreign competitors. The Saudi Arabian Telecommunication market has become increasingly competitive. In addition to competing on prices all the major competitors are striving to offer differentiated products and services aimed at increasing their market shares. The competition is apparent in the decline in STC’s income despite higher revenues. Table 1 – Level of Competition (2008)| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Â  | Local services| Domestic fixed long dist| Inter-national fixed long dist| Wireless local loop| Data| DSL| Cable modem| VSAT| Leased lines| Fixed Wireless Broadband| | Â  | C| C| C| C| C| C| | C| C| C| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Â  | Mobile| Paging| Cable TV| Fixed sat| Mobile sat| GMPCS| IMT 2000| Internet services| Inter-national gateways| | Â  | C| Â  | | C| C| C| C| C| C| | It is also noteworthy that Saudi Arabia is one of the thr ee countries in the region which has reached a status of full competition according to ITU across all telecommunication fields, the other two being Jordan and Bahrain. We will write a custom essay on Stc Five Forces Model and Competitive Advantage specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now As such it is clear that the Rivalry among competitors is high and thus keeps the prices down and requires for all rival in the market to come up with innovative and differentiated ways to attract customers. Threat of New Entrants The growth in Telecommunications globally has many factors one of which makes the threat of new entrants high. Which the shift is from wired to wireless services has made it possible for many entrants to come in. However the market currently seems saturated. The number of fixed telephone lines has been particularly stable and risen only 0. 2 % CAGR over the last five year from 16. 2 per 100 inhabitants to 16. 22. Mobile phone subscriptions in Saudi Arabia are overwhelming at 174. 43 per 100 inhabitants (Note that mobile phone users in different from mobile phone subscriptions) with a growth rate of 37. 4 % CAGR from 2004 to 2009 (140 per 100 inhabitants for digital mobile phone subscriptions). However internet is still unsaturated with only 7. 32 subscripti ons and 38. 10 users in each 100 inhabitants. Hence where the saturation in mobile communication keep the threat of new entrants low however the extremely low penetration in Internet services leaves the threat of entrants very high. However in internet and broadband the threat of entrants is high especially with the advent of WiMax technology. Overall the threat of entrants in the Saudi Telecom market as of 2009 can be considered moderate. The threat of entrants force is not considered major and is not pulling down prices and driving the competitiveness of the mobile sector in Saudi Arabia any longer where as it was the major force from 2005 to 2007. However STC providing best services with lowest rates for Internet Services is a proof of high threat of entrant in the Internet sector. Threat of Substitutes The threat of substitutes is also very high. It is a contributing factor in keeping prices low and competitiveness high in the Saudi Telecom industry. With VoIP services users can make virtually free calls. Such services are allowed in Saudi Arabia over private networks and otherwise (ITU). Many alternative solutions keep on popping up on the scene and challenging the traditional communication channels. Once the benefits of such services are well known and information flow is faster it has a high power of challenging all major players in the market. In addition to that such services are becoming increasingly innovative and have started to offer amazing quality. .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 , .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 .postImageUrl , .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 , .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27:hover , .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27:visited , .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27:active { border:0!important; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27:active , .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27 .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u79c10dba7d8cd9831e30177cc37e7c27:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Conventional surveying methods EssaySatellite phones can either be considered a competitor or substitute. However for our discussion it is considered a substitute which has a possibility of threatening the mobile phone market if innovation leads to more functionality in Satellite phone handsets with probable introduction of satellite internet. Overall the force of threat of substitutes has high impact on the Saudi telecommunications market competitive scenario. Power of Buyers Approximately 59. 4 % of the Saudi population is between 15 to 64, with a per capita GDP of $ 21,300. Customers tend to demand products that are high in quality and reasonably priced. The shifting costs are negligible to zero as such the power of buyers is moderate to high. The evidence shows that the prices have been driven down as such it is obvious that the Power of buyer has been and remains high. Power of Suppliers Network Equipment Providers (NEPs) are companies that provide communication solutions to Service Providers like fixed or mobile operators as well as to Enterprise customers. If you place a call on your mobile phone, surf the internet, join a conference call or watch a video on demand through IPTV (internet protocol TV) – it is all NEPs technologies that are enabling such kind of services. The key players per type of customer segment are Service Providers; Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson, Huawei, Juniper, NEC, Nokia-Siemens, Nortel, ZTE, Emerson Network Power and Enterprise Sector Providers; Avaya, Cisco, Motorola, Siemens Enterprise Communications Consolidation among communication service providers due to convergence leads to greater dependence on a few large clients of suppliers, which means lower bargaining strength of suppliers. Due to pressures on their profitability, service providers are increasingly looking at lowering their operating costs and capital expenditures (lowering cost per subscriber), and this is putting pressures on NEPs margins. Switch from PSTN to Next-Generation Network and increasing use of standardized network components (COTS) compared to more proprietary equipments is continuously reducing the bargaining power of suppliers. Also software is to increasingly replace traditional network components. Overall the Power of suppliers is low in the Global telecommunication market as such the same impact is exhibited in Saudi Arabia. Reources Capabilities FORWARD strategy International Expansion Mobile Network Coverage – 92 % Introduction and ability to cater to VIP and Business sector Niche Penetration with low prices (Loyal Customers) Good Distribution Network High Market Capitalization Good Capital Base Core Competencies Catering to VIP and Business Sector Niche leads to strong small market niche of high paying and loyal customers High Market Capitalization and Capital Base eads to ability to drop prices High Mobile Network Coverage and ability to use multiple distribution channels leads to ability to cover more customers and penetrate deeper Competitive Advantage All three Core Competencies are basis First mover advantages that together form the Competitive Advantage. This passes the Competitive Advantage Test of being Relevant or Appropriate, Non Imitable, Non Substitutab le, Durable and provides Competitive Superiority. This Competitive Advantage is the First Mover Advantage creating strong base and ability to compete through both price and differentiation.

Utilizing Pumpkins as a “Reverse” Trap Crop Essay Example

Utilizing Pumpkins as a â€Å"Reverse† Trap Crop Essay Example Utilizing Pumpkins as a â€Å"Reverse† Trap Crop Essay Utilizing Pumpkins as a â€Å"Reverse† Trap Crop Essay In the world of agriculture, trap crops are normally used to lure pests away from a commercial crop by presenting the pest with a more attractive alternative. But when conducting research to develop new seed traits that provide better yield, drought resistance, or even insect resistance, trap crops can be used to test the performance of a new trait.The western corn rootworm beetle (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) causes billions of dollars in damage to corn crops throughout the United States each year. Recent seed research has helped develop new corn varieties to combat this problem. These new varieties of corn have a protein (Bt protein) that causes stomach distress in adult western corn rootworm beetles that result in death. Thus, the pest resistance is literally bred into the seed, eliminating the need for harmful pesticides. This type of corn is considered to be rootworm resistant.Normally, in order to be able to â€Å"test† the performance of a specific rootworm resistant corn variety, a test plot has to be infested with western corn rootworm eggs manually. This tends to be costly and very labor intensive. The infested eggs then develop into larva, which feed on underground roots. Adult rootworms feed on the above ground tissue of the corn plant. Both the roots and the above ground tissue contain the Bt protein. The corn plant is then â€Å"harvested† prior to the pollination period in a process called a â€Å"root dig†.During a ‘root dig† the corn plant is cut off at approximately two feet above the ground, the roots are dug up and rinsed with a high power stream of water to expose the roots which are then rated for damage by the corn rootworm larva. Based on the data collected during the â€Å"root dig†, researchers are able to evaluate the effectiveness of the resistance that is bred into that variety of corn. Root dig washing process is shown in picture on the left. Diagram of corn root damage by corn rootworm be etles is shown in picture on the right.HYPOTHESIS: What if one could utilize a â€Å"trap crop† to entice the adult western corn rootworm beetle to a test plot, allowing the adults to feed and eventually lay their eggs? I predict that by adding pumpkins (independent variable) as a trap crop in rootworm resistant corn will allow for a greater number of eggs (dependent variable) to be deposited in the test plot naturally versus the rootworm resistant corn without the trap crop, therefore eliminating the need for manual infestation.To test this hypothesis, we selected pumpkins to plant as a trap crop in a one acre square plot containing rootworm resistant corn. This would be the independent variable in this experiment. It is known that the adult western corn rootworm beetle is highly attracted to pumpkin vines and flowers. A second test plot of the same size (same farm) would be planted with the same variety of rootworm resistant corn without the pumpkin crop. The dependent vari able would be the egg counts in both test plots. The control in this experiment would be utilizing acreage on the same farm.Special steps were taken to replicate the exact soil conditions by a pre-planting soil analysis; utilizing the same â€Å"batch† of chemical in herbicide spray applications, and the close proximity to each other to control factors such as precipitation, number of days with full sunshine, humidity, etc. This will aid in controlling the experiment’s internal validity and act as a guide in any subsequent replications of this experiment. Adult western corn rootworm beetles are shown on a pumpkin flower in the picture on the left.Damage by rootworm beetles on a mature pumpkin shown in picture on the right. Pumpkins were planted in the test plot # 2 in the spring of 2012 and were allowed to mature naturally. During flowering, a sizable increase in the adult rootworm beetle was observed in test plot #2. Based on the observable increase in adults, we pred icted that there will also be an increase in the number of eggs in said test plot when compared to the number of eggs in the test plot without trap crop (pumpkins). Soil samples will then be collected and analyzed for egg counts.If it is proven that planting a trap crop increases egg counts naturally, there could be a considerable cost savings in the process of evaluating the effectiveness of desirable traits in corn. This experiment was conducted at an agricultural Ramp;D site in northwestern Indiana during the summer of 2012 in preparation for this task. Egg count data has been received and is currently being evaluated in preparation for the 2013 planting season. In preparation for this experiment, several independent scientific papers were reviewed. Sorghum as a Trap Crop for Nezara viridula L. (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Cotton in the Southern United States†, P. G. Tillman (1); â€Å"Case Study: Trap Crop with Pheromone Traps for Suppressing Euschistus servus (Heteropt era: Pentatomidae) in Cotton†, P. G. Tillman and T. E. Cottrell (2) and â€Å"Trap Cropping to Manage Green Vegetable Bug Zezara viridula (L. ) (Hereroptera: Pentatomidae) in Sweet Corn in New Zealand†, James H. Rea, Stephen D. Warren, Richard Sedcole, Peter J. Cameron, Stuart I. Davis, R. Bruce Chapman (3) were considered for background information.These studies were helpful in explaining the commercial use of trap crops as an effective method of removing pests from cash crops and served as a basis for our unique application of a â€Å"reverse† trap crop in testing the effectiveness of ongoing corn research. Testing methods were similar but our research did not include any type of Pheromone study. Our experiment was based on the premise that by planting pumpkins in the test plot (known to attract western corn rootworm beetle), we could naturally increase the numbers of western corn rootworm beetle eggs in that plot.An increase in the number of naturally occurrin g eggs could result in a significant reduction in our annual research expenses. - KEY WORDS:western corn rootworm beetle (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera), trap crop, rootworm resistant corn. - METHODS and MATERIALS: This experiment was conducted at a seed research and development facility in northwestern Indiana during the 2012 growing season in preparation for RINT Task 3.This method of scientific design was chosen because it is a replication of a similar experiment conducted at a research and development facility in Iowa and has shown viable results. It was designed to compare the viability of planting a trap crop to attract the western corn rootworm beetle to evaluate the performance of corn containing rootworm resistant traits from different areas of the Midwest. The acreage, chemicals, sampling tools and laboratory facilities were readily available. In addition, if the hypothesis can be proven to be true, there is a potential for cost savings in other areas of our research.Inse ct Species: Western corn rootworm beetle (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera). Corn rootworm larvae can destroy significant percentages of corn if left untreated. In the United States, current estimates show that 30 million acres (120,000  km? ) of corn (out of 80 million grown) are infested with corn rootworms and that area is expected to grow over the next 20 years. The USDA estimates that corn rootworms cause $1 billion in lost revenue each year, which includes $800 million in yield loss and $200 million in cost of treatment for corn growers (The Dow Chemical Company). (4)Shown above from left to right, corn plant damage in the field and examples of actual root damage done by western corn rootworm beetles in the center and right picture. Healthy roots are shown as a full root system; damaged roots are short to nonexistent. Sampling Technique: Using a golf course cup cutter, take 4† diameter x 4† deep soil core samples. Collect ten (10) core samples per acre (trial area) . Core samples should be taken at various locations within the test plot. Include samples taken from within the corn rows and between rows. Place core samples in individual gallon bags.Be sure to break up any large clumps and remove stalks and other residue. Making the soil as fine as possible will aid in the washing process. Send individual samples to a laboratory with capabilities to wash eggs and provide egg counts. Taking multiple core samples at various locations throughout the test plot and then analyzing all ten (10) samples separately allows for a broader analysis of the entire test plot. The measuring unit of one (1) pint that was chosen for the final sample allows the lab sufficient soil to run the required tests.Once the samples arrive at the laboratory, each individual sample is mixed with a saturated salt solution. A sample of this mixture is then placed on a special microscope slide (Whitlock Universal or Whitlock McMaster). The saturated salt solution makes the rootwo rm eggs float to the top of the mixture in the slide where they are then counted. Data was collected from each individual sample to obtain egg counts for each test plot. EXPERIMENT: Two, one (1) acre test plots were selected at opposite ends of a ten (10) acre field. Soil type, topography, and precipitation were identical.Each plot was measured at 200 ft. wide by 220’ deep and marked off with flags. This is approximately one (1) square acre. Both fallow (empty ground) test plots were plowed utilzing a chisel plow set at a depth of six (6) inches to turn the soil over and prepare the soil for planting. Both test plots were then planted using a four (4) row custom bulk planter and a rootworm resistant variety of corn. The corn rows were spaced 30† apart. The corn seed within the rows was spaced 6† inches apart. Each test plot had a total of 80 rows of corn. Both test plots were also treated with Glyphosate in a concentration of 1. quarts to 15 gallons of water to ki ll any existing weeds. This amount of Glyphosate solution was enough to cover one (1) test plot. It was replicated twice to cover both test plots in the experiment. Once the rootworm resistant corn had been planted in both test plots, a trap crop of pumpkins was also planted throughout the test plot #2 (independent variable), utilizing a custom two (2) row planter. Pumpkin seeds were planted in between the rows of corn, spaced five (5’) feet apart. A cable winder was used to mark off the five (5’) foot increments needed to plant the pumpkins.A cable winder is used with a custom planter and calibrated to â€Å"click† when it is time to manually drop the seed. Both plots were allowed to grow throughout the summer. Visual observations were made in each plot, on the first Monday of each week between July 1st and September 1st to obtain adult rootworm beetle population counts. Ten observations in multiple locations across the test plots were taken each time. Random p umpkin plants were selected to count the total number of adult rootworm beetles in each observation. After harvest, prior to the first hard frost, soil core samples were taken, following the above mentioned sampling procedure.Core samples were then sent to an outside laboratory for analysis. - RESULTS: An increase in adult rootworm beetles was observed in test plot #2 (with pumpkins) when compared to test plot #1 (without pumpkins) but without soil egg count analysis, this data in inconclusive. Solid data is available once soil samples are analyzed for egg counts (dependent variable). Historically more than ten (10) eggs in a pint sample of soil are considered to be a high amount. In 2012, test plot #1 and #2 both showed an average of approximately two (2) eggs per pint sample.Samples taken at four different test sites in Iowa yielded six (6), zero (0), one (1) and four (4) eggs respectively or an average of 2. 75 eggs per pint sample. All data collected is reflecting little to no m easurable increase in the total number of western corn rootworm eggs that are occurring naturally when using a trap crop. Egg Count Core Sample Data for Test Plot #1 and Test Plot #2 Test Plot #1|   |   | Test Plot #2|   | |   |   |   |   | Core Sample #| Egg Count #|   | Core Sample #| Egg Count #| 1| 0|   | 1| 0| 2| 1|   | 2| 3| 3| 0|   | 3| 2| 4| 1|   | 4| 2| 5| 4|   | 5| 3| 6| 3|   | 6| 2| | 2|   | 7| 1| 8| 2|   | 8| 0| 9| 1|   | 9| 2| 10| 0|   | 10| 2| Ave # of Eggs| 1. 4|   | Ave # of Eggs| 1. 7| Egg Counts in Test Plot #1 Compared to Test Plot #2 Number of Eggs/Pint Sample Number of Samples/ One (1) Acre Test Plot - CONCLUSION: Based on the data that was collected, there did not seem to be a significant increase in the number of western corn rootworm eggs occurring naturally in test plot #2 when compared to test plot #1, even though there was an observable increase in adult western corn rootworm beetles in test plot #2.Where test plot #2 contained the trap crop (independent variable) and test plot #1 that did not contain a trap crop (dependant variable) in a single ten (10) acre test strip (constant variable). After carefully analyzing the data that was collected during this experiment, I have concluded that the introduction of a trap crop (pumpkins) to attract adult western rootworm beetles in rootworm resistant corn does not significantly increase naturally occurring corn rootworm beetle eggs. This data disproves my hypothesis that it would significantly increase the number of naturally occurring eggs.No cost savings can be associated with this experiment and conventional infestation methods are just as effective as this experimental method. DESIGN AND REPLICATION: The experimental design to test this hypothesis was constructed with ease of replication in mind. It utilizes simple techniques and materials that are readily available at most seed research and development sites. If the design is poor or if proper samp ling procedures are not followed then data in the experiment can be skewed, resulting in unreliable data.Based on potential cost savings in research, unreliable data can be an expensive mistake. In addition, if the design is well done, an increase of reliable data is shown time and time again with the same results. Replication is so important because it gives validity to the experiment’s results. As the same data shows the same results and the same conclusions over multiple replications, that data can become accepted as scientific fact. REFERENCES: (1) ars. usda. gov/sp2UserFiles/person/5648/PDF/ARIS 8-Sorghum as a Trap Crop for SGSB. d Tillman, P. G. 2006. Sorghum as a trap crop for Nezara viridula L. (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in cotton in the southern United States. Environmental Entomology. 35(3):771-783. (2) hindawi. com/journals/psyche/aip/401703 Tillman, P. G. , Cottrell, T. E. 2012. Case Study: Trap crop with pheromone traps for suppressing euschistus servus (Heter optera: Pentatomidae) in cotton. Psyche. DOI: 10. 1155/2012/401703. (3) http://onlinelibrary. wiley. com/doi/10. 1046/j. 1461-9563. 2002. 00130. x/full Rea, J.H. , Wratten, S. D. , Sedcole, R. , Cameron, P. J. , Davis, S. I. and Chapman, R. B. (2002), Trap cropping to manage green vegetable bug Nezara virdula (L. ) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in sweet corn in New Zealand. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 4: 101-107. doi: 10. 1046/j. 1461 (4) http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Diabrotica_virgifera; The Dow Chemical Company. Product Safety Assessment (PSA): Herculex RW Rootworm Protection. September 26, 2006. URL: dow. com/productsafety/finder/herculex. htm.

Coporate finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Coporate finance - Essay Example 2.1 Describe the business model and strategies of Tesco by taking on strategy and discuss with evidences cited from the case how it is consistent with corporate objective of maximizing shareholder wealth. Tesco’s business model is for the company to what matters better together as it deliver its core purpose to customers. The core retail activities of insight, buy, move and sell are what the company tries to make better as supported by its strategies, among others, of building the Tesco Brand, Leveraging Group skill and scale, operating responsively, establishing multichannel offer for customers. The financial results measure the performance on how the company was able to accomplish its strategies and objective of wealth maximization. The business model of Tesco includes those made from the perspective of strategic choices. The strategies being used in relation to its business model including that of operating responsibly which include maintaining its good profitability, efficiency management of its assets, acceptable liquidity, balanced gearing ratio and responsive investment ratios. As to whether the strategies are consistent with the corporate objective of maximizing shareholder wealth, it could be said that there is good amount of evidence. The results of the company’s profitability, liquidity, good Solvency , and good investment ratios provide good pieces evidence of meeting the financial objectives of the and which are consistent with the objectives of maximizing wealth of shareholders. Making good strategic judgements has a good way to determining the company’s prosperity and building value for its shareholders over the coming decade. Building shareholder value cannot be done in instant or in short-term. It is actually long-term as it may even be sacrificing in the short-run in order to attain the

Google+ report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Google+ report - Essay Example An extension of this is co-branding, which is networking in a way, but with brands and organizations that share the values of Pedal Forward, and which can propel Pedal Forwards own brand awareness too. For instance, Pedal Forward can co-brand with an organic food company that has national traction, or a cosmetics brand that focuses on natural ingredients such as The Body Shop, to raise awareness about Pedal Forwards own campaign in Google+. The idea here is to align the co-branding strategy with what Pedal Forward wants to achieve, and what it stands for (Leap, 2012). Another recommendation is for Pedal Forward to utilize Google+ Hangouts to connect with its fan base in real time, and to then capture that real-time interaction and post it on the Google+ page of Pedal Forward so that a larger population of fans can keep viewing that Hangout session after the event, for their benefit. A Google+ Hangout allows for Pedal Forward to interact via text and via video with a group of followers about a specific topic, say bamboo bike trails, and then capture that interaction for later posting. This is a great idea to do on a regular basis, as a way to stay relevant and connect meaningfully with the audience The idea is for Pedal Forward to try and stay fresh and relevant while reaching out to other pages and communities to increase visibility and to engage existing and new fans. Related recommendations along this line of thinking include setting up hooks from Google+ and from Pedal Forwards website to other social media platforms, such as Facebook and Twit ter, Instagram Pinterest, and Kickstarter, to broaden the social media reach of the campaign (Leap 2012). The idea of being able to broadcast Google+ Hangout sessions is great, and something that can differentiate the platform from other platforms such as Facebook. One way Google+ can further improve on this is to hook up these Hangout

Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald Essay Example for Free

Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald Essay Many characters in the Great Gatsby parallel to Fitzgerald life. For example, Daisy, the women Jay Gatsby has been basing his whole life on, is similar to Zelda Sayre, who would not marry Fitzgerald at first because of his lack of success. Gatsby and Fitzgerald both met vital women to their lives at dances, and both while they were stationed at camps in the army. Gatsby met Daisy at Camp Taylor in Illinois, where they danced and fell in love. However, after Gatsby went off to war, they never got back together again. Fitzgerald met his wife, Zelda, at Camp Sheridan in Alabama. Instead of going off to war (his regiment was ready to go to Europe, but the Armistice came before they could leave the States), he went to New York to get enough money to marry Zelda. In the movie version, Daisy tells Gatsby that Rich girls dont marry poor boys. This line was taken straight out of Fitzgeralds life. The father of his first love, a young woman by the name of Ginevra King, supposedly told him that after Fitzgerald asked for Ginevras hand in marriage. The Great Gatsby is F. Scott Fitzgeralds most renowned book, and still one of the most read novels in American literature. A book with this much success was obviously was a product of great influence. The Great Gatsby draws many extensive parallels between F. Scott Fitzgeralds life and this novel. These similarities range from basing characters off important people from his personal life to interweaving intricate love relationships he went through into the novel to recreating the American Dream. The book comes as a direct result of many of the events in Fitzgeralds early life. First off, are the most noticeable parallels, the character he chooses. Fitzgerald parallels himself in two of the main characters in The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby, and Nick Carraway. Nick represents Fitzgeralds passive, or indecisive, and observant characteristics. On the other hand, Gatsby shows Fitzgeralds passionate and active attributes.

John Brown’s Body: An American Reggae Band Digging Roots in Farm Country :: Essays Papers

John Brown’s Body: An American Reggae Band Digging Roots in Farm Country The surrounding landscape yields rolling hills, beautiful gorges with waterfalls that leave your mouth gaping in awe, some of the world’s finest wineries, and farmland as far as the eye can see. Rooted in Ithaca, a small artsy community in upstate New York’s Finger Lakes region, comes a sound so cultural, so mystical, and so natural. Amongst a slew of great local musicians comes John Brown’s Body, a roots reggae sound that captivates audiences, and spills the universal message of thanks and praises. Before we can truly understand the roots of an American-based reggae band that carries a Jamaican sound and universal philosophy, we must first get to the roots of reggae music in United States from the beginning. The origins of roots sounds in the U.S. came primarily from Jamaican communities that were set up in major cities such as New York, Washington D.C., and Miami. New York City was home of the first reggae centered recording studio was established. The credit for such a landmark establishment would have to go to Lloyd ‘Bullwackie’ Barnes, a singer who recorded with Prince Buster in the early 1960’s. The recording business started out as a partnership with ‘Munchie’ Jackson. Its location was at 4731 White Plains Road in the Bronx. By the mid 1970’s, Barnes was running the studio alone, using his own session band, Reckless Breed. He was also recording Jamaican singers that were local to the area, including names like Wayne Jarrett. Barnes also produced recordings of Jamaican singers visiting the states, including such artists as Sugar Minott and Horace Andy. During this same time period, Barnes was also able to record a string of dub albums as well. Bullwackie was the only U.S. studio to put out significant reggae sound prior to the 1980’s (Barrow 1997). HC & F Studios was opened up in the 1980’s on Long Island and was run solely by Phillip Smart who had worked in Jamaica with the great King Tubby. Smart was able to record in his studio, sounds that would eventually make it into the dancehalls of Jamaica. Dirtsman’s "Hot This Year" is an example of the recording that gave its origin to Smart’s studio on Long Island. Today, HC & F Studio is the leading reggae-recording studio in the states (Barrow 1997). More and more reggae-recording studios began to pop up including Jah Life, also making its home in the Big Apple, owned and operated by Hyman Wright and Percy Chin.

Ideology of Pakistan

Definition of Ideology: Science of ideas, visionary speculations, and manner of thinking, characteristic of a class or individual, ideas on the basis of some economic, social or political theory or system is called Ideology. It contains those ideals, which a nation strives to accomplish in order to bring stability to its nationhood. Defining ideology, George Lewis say, â€Å"Ideology is a plan or program which is based upon philosophy† Ideology of Pakistan: Pakistan is an ideological state and the ideology of Pakistan is an Islamic ideology. Its basic principle being The only sovereign is Allah: Islam acted as a nation building force before the establishment of Pakistan. Ideology of Pakistan basically means that Pakistan should be a state where the Muslims should have an opportunity to live according to the faith and creed based on the Islamic principles. They should have all the resources at their disposal to enhance Islamic culture and civilization. Quaid-e-Azam said Pakistan was created the day the first Indian national entered the field of Islam. From the above statement, it is clear that Ideology of Pakistan is an Islamic one. Two Nation Concepts: The fundamental concept of Ideology is that Muslims should get a separate identity. They should have a separate state where they could live according to Islamic rules and principles, profess their religion freely and safeguard Islamic tradition. On one occasion Quaid-e-Azam said, The Muslims demand Pakistan where they can rule in accordance with their own system of life, their cultural development, their traditions and Islamic laws. Thus, this fundamental concept of Ideology led to the concept of two nations in the Sub Continent and resulted in the formation of Pakistan. Elements of Ideology of Pakistan: 1. Hindus and Muslims belong to two different religious philosophers, social customs, and literatures. They belong to two different civilizations which are based mainly on conflicting ideas and conceptions. Therefore, Muslim nation demanded a separate homeland where they could have the freedom to practice their religion and live their lives as free individuals of an independent country. There are five principles/elements of the ideological foundation of Pakistan. 1. Islam 2. Two Nation Theory 3. Territorial Land 4. Democratic System 5. Urdu Language 1. Islam, a Nation-Building Force: Pakistan came into being on the basis of Islam. It was only Islam, which galvanized Muslims and lined them up behind Muslim League. Other factors, political and economic ones, also played some part in uniting Muslims to struggle for Pakistan but Islam was the preponderant factor as it serves as a cementing force for Muslim society and is the primary link between Muslims the world over. Everything else follows Islam. The entire struggle of the Muslims of the subcontinent was to have a state where they could freely maintain their Islamic entity. No other factor was so clear and intelligible for Muslim masses. Muslims gradually developed a national consciousness in the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent; they collectively struggled for the right of self-determination and the establishment of an independent homeland to be carved out from those territories where they constituted majorities where Islam could be accepted as the ideal pattern for the individual’s life. They eventually secured what they wanted. Hence, the historical fact which could not be denied is that the formation of the Muslim nation preceded the demand for a homeland. Pakistan itself did not give birth to any nation; on the contrary, the Muslim nation struggled for and brought Pakistan into being. Quaid-e-Azam said, We do not demand Pakistan simply to have a piece of land but we want a laboratory where we could experiment on Islamic principles. Islamic ideology is not merely a matter of belief, dogma and ritual. It is a religion in the wider sense of the word. It is a way of life, a whole complex of social and moral norms entwined with theological metaphysics. The fundamental teachings of Islam are universally accepted. Belief in God, finality of prophet-hood, human rights and social justice, management of affairs through consensus, moral values of charitableness, tolerance and universal brotherhood; these are sonic of the cardinal principles enshrined by the Quran and Sunnah. The only force which keeps Muslim nation united is Islam which is the ideological foundation of Pakistan. 2. Two-Nation Theory: The Two Nation Theory was the basis of struggle for creation of Pakistan. It implies that Muslims of Subcontinent were a nation quite distinct and separate from the Hindus. They in spite of living together for centuries could not forget their individual cultures and civilization. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was the first to give the wake up call and decided to prepare Muslims to fight the advertisity with similar weapons – modern education and knowledge, employed for domination. With him, his Aligarh Movement, his books and magazine Tahzibul Akhlaq, he started an awareness movement. He prepared the ground for uniting and galvanizing Muslim community of the subcontinent. His colleagues including Nawab Mohsinul Mulk and others created conditions which led to the establishment of All-India Muslim League in Dhaka in 1906, a landmark in the history of Pakistan Movement. On March 22, 1940 in his presidential address to the All-India Muslim League Lahore session, the founder of Pakistan Muhammad Ali Jinnah made it plain that, The Hindus and the Muslims belong to two different religious philosophies, social customs and literature. They neither intermarry, nor interline together, and indeed they belong to two different civilizations which are based mainly on conflicting ideas and conceptions. This was not a matter of mere hair-splitting but an everyday fact of life, which one cannot fail to feel in almost every sphere of human activity. This then is the crux and substance of the Two Nation Theory, which formed the basis of British India's partition in two independent Hindu and Muslim States. The Hindu majority areas of India formed India and the Muslims majority regions came together under the unique name of Pakistan. On the same premises Quaid-e-Azam dismissed the wishes of the Hindu and the British colonialists for a joint Hindu Muslim nationhood as a pipe dream. With single-minded devotion be fought against this menace and succeeded in getting the idea of a separate Muslim identity recognized. In the 28th Annual Session of the Muslim League in 1941 in Madras, Quaid-e-Azam formally declared this objective as the ideology of the Muslim League. It is this very ideology which is the second important ingredient of ideology of Pakistan. . Territorial Land: Amongst constitutes of ideology of Pakistan, land is the third important element. A piece of land was necessary for the existence, stabilization and promotion of Islamic ideology as soul requires body. Quaid-e-Azam said in his address to Punjab Muslim Students Federation in March 1941, Nothing would be achieved simply by raising slogans for nation. We are one nation and the nation cannot survive in the air, it requires an independent land to settle where it can rule and our demand is the same. However, All-India Muslim League demanded a separate homeland constituting the areas in which the Muslims are numerically in a majority such as in the North-Western and Eastern zones of India on March 23, 1940. With Jinnah's untiring efforts, indomitable will, and dauntless courage, he united the Indian Muslims under the banner of the Muslim League and carved out a homeland for them within 7 years, despite stiff opposition from the Hindu Congress and the British Government. 4. Democratic System: In an Islamic state, all the affairs are decided on the basis of Shariat (Democracy). In other words, the entire social, economic, political and the cultural affairs are operated on the basis of mutual consensus and Islamic democracy. The same system has also been referred in Surah Al-Imram, Muhammad (P. B. U. H) used to operate all the state affairs after discussing with his Sahabas (companions), when this questions rose that what would be the system of government in Pakistan, it should, no doubt, be Islamic. Islamic system of government is Islamic democracy or system of Shariat. Creation of Pakistan is the glorious example of ijma-e-ummat (national consensus). At the time of establishment of Pakistan, referendum was held in all the Muslim majority provinces to take their consent to the included in Pakistan. Sharai system of state, therefore, is the fifth ingredient of Pakistan. 5. Urdu Language: Language is not a fundamental characteristic of a nation, but still remains one of the features by which a nation may be distinguished or one of the grounds on which nationalism may be founded. In the sub-continent, Urdu was considered to be the language of Muslims and Hindi to the Hindus. During the last days of the Muslim rule, Urdu emerged as the most common language of the northwestern provinces of India. It was declared the official language, and all official records were written in this language. In 1867, some prominent Hindus started a movement in Banaras in which they demanded the replacement of Urdu with Hindi, and the Persian script with the Deva Nagri script, as the court language in the northwestern provinces. The reason for opposing Urdu was that the language was written in Persian script, which was similar to the Arabic Script, and Arabic was the language of the Quran, the Holy Book of the Muslims. The movement grew quickly and within a few months spread throughout the Hindu population of the northwestern provinces of India. This situation provoked the Muslims to come out in order to protect the importance of the Urdu language. The opposition by the Hindus towards the Urdu language made it clear to the Muslims that Hindus were not ready to tolerate the culture and traditions of the Muslims. So Muslims also began to think about establishing a political party of their own for their survival and centralizing their efforts to have their rights. Consequently, All India Muslim League was established in December 30, 1906. The Urdu-Hindi controversy completely altered Sir Syed's point of view. He had been a great advocate of Hindu-Muslim unity but after this event he put forward the Two-Nation Theory, predicting that the differences between the two groups would increase with the passage of time and the two communities would not join together in anything wholeheartedly. Maulvi Abdul Haque aptly said, Urdu is the first brick in the foundation of Pakistan. Importance of Ideology in National Life: Ideology is a motivating force for a nation, which is striving hard to bring stability and homogeneity to its nation hood. It provides the binding force to the scattered groups in a society and brings them close to each other on a common platform. Ideologies impel their adherence to follow a joint linked action for the accomplishment of their goal. Ideologies give shape to the revolutions and create new cultures and civilizations. They stress on their adherents to insist on the realization of their ideal through total transformation of society. Conclusion: The fundamental concept of the ideology of Pakistan is that Muslims are separate nation having their own culture, literature, religion and way of life. They cannot be merged in any other nation. They should be able to develop their culture and religious traditions in an Islamic State and they should be able to create a true Islamic society for themselves. Thus the ideology of Pakistan which developed through the period of Mohammad Bin Qasim and others and followed by political leaders like Quaid-e-Azam was materialized in 1947.

Metaphorically Speaking †Sonnet 73 Essays - 857 Words

Metaphorically Speaking – Sonnet 73 Love is a blanket of bright and colorful flowers that covers a beautifully rolling meadow on a breezy summer day. Similar metaphorical images appear in many famous poems including Shakespeares Sonnet 73. The metaphor is the most basic device poets use to convey meanings beyond literal speech (Guth 473). Shakespeares use of metaphors in this sonnet conveys his theme of the inescapable aging process. Shakespeare establishes and extends a metaphor that illuminates the poems central meaning and compares the inevitability of old age to three different aspects of nature (Prather). Similarly all the metaphorical quatrains begin with either the phrase thou mayest in me behold or In me†¦show more content†¦The bare branches and the abandoned church symbolize aging in that the bareness of the branches and loneliness of the church resemble the bareness and loneliness of old age. Shakespeare uses the falling leaves and the absence of singing birds in the branches in comparison with the absence of youthfulness within the human body when approaching old age. Much like the seasonal change to autumn, night descends upon the earth in the same manner. In the next metaphor Shakespeare compares the ending of life to the setting of the sun. The second quatrain reads In me thou seest the twilight of such day / As after sunset fadeth in the west / Which by and by [gradually] black night doth take away, / Deaths second self, that seals up all in rest (Shakespeare 5-8). Shakespeare describes the sun as fading in the west much like his life is fading into his old age and someday into death. The setting of the sun resembles the end of the day and Shakespeare feels he is at the point where end is nearing. Shakespeare describes the black night as gradually taking the day away much like death and old age takes life away (7). Shakespeare uses this metaphor to enhance the idea of growing old and nearing death. He speaks of Deaths second self that seals up all in rest where rest and sleep represent the end of life and when the sun has set, death is upon hi m (8). Like autumn and a sunset, Shakespeare relates aShow MoreRelatedMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 Pagesconcept the author borrows from the Danish linguist Louis Hjelmslev (Prolegomena to a Theory of Language, translated by Francis J. Whitfield. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1961, pp. 73-75), is a relation between a correlation in one plane . . . and a correlation in the other plane of language (73). More specifically it is mutation between the members (i.e., components) of a paradigm (p. 135), where mutation is the function existing between first-degree derivates (components) of one